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Valued the underlying idea or concept over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. Often employed text and photography.

Known for its drama, rich color palettes, and dynamic compositions. Often used chiaroscuro for dramatic effect.

Aimed to reveal the unconscious mind in art, often through dream-like imagery and the juxtaposition of incongruous elements.

Inspired by classical antiquity, it emphasizes clarity, order, and idealism in art. Often depicted scenes from classical history and mythology.

Reintroduced classical themes, developed linear perspective, and achieved realism and human emotion in painting and sculpture.

A reaction against Romanticism, this movement aimed to depict subjects as they are, often focusing on the lives of the working class and poor.

Features ornate decoration, pastel colors, playful themes, and asymmetrical designs, often conveying a sense of intimacy and leisure.

Known for its wild brush work and vibrant, non-naturalistic colors. The name 'Fauves' means 'wild beasts' in French.

Known for the development of contrapposto in sculpture, red and black-figure pottery, and an emphasis on idealized human forms.

Built on Impressionism but emphasized more on geometric forms and unnatural color to express emotion.

Characterized by large-scale paintings featuring abstract forms, spontaneous expression, and an emphasis on the act of painting itself.

Focused on emotion, nature, and individualism, often with dramatic compositions and vibrant colors.

Challenged traditional fine art by incorporating images from popular and commercial culture. Used bright colors and ironic representations.

Focused on representing emotional experience rather than physical reality. Often used bold colors and agitated brushstrokes.

Developed by Picasso and Braque, it broke down objects into geometric shapes and presented them in a fragmented manner from multiple angles.

Notable for hieroglyphics, art with a focus on the afterlife, and the use of a strict profile view in paintings.

Characterized by visible brush strokes, light colors, and emphasis on light and its changing qualities, typically with outdoor scenes.

Focuses on simplicity and objectivity, using geometric forms and often employing monochromatic color schemes.

Famous for its religious icons, mosaics with a gold background, and domed architecture such as the Hagia Sophia.

Features massive architecture with round arches and heavy stone walls, often depicting biblical scenes.

Distinguished by its pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, and stained glass windows.

Characterized by cave paintings, petroglyphs, and Venus figurines. Reflects the daily life of early humans.

Characterized by a departure from modernist principles and embraces irony, pastiche, and a return to figurative and representational art.

Characterized by its practicality and incorporation of Greek elements, extensive use of the arch, and busts of emperors.