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Understanding Sculpture Materials

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Bronze

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Properties: Alloy of copper and tin, strong, resistant to corrosion. Common usage: Statues, plaques, and outdoor sculptures.

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Plaster

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Properties: Easy to shape when wet, hardens to a solid finish. Common usage: Taking molds, casting, and creating prototypes for casting in other materials.

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Sandstone

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Properties: Sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains, easier to carve than granite. Common usage: Outdoor sculptures and decorative features in architecture.

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Limestone

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Properties: Sedimentary rock, soft enough for carving. Common usage: Ancient Egyptian sculpture and architectural elements.

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Acrylic

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Properties: A versatile plastic material, can be transparent or opaque. Common usage: Contemporary sculptures, installations, and decorative objects.

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Alabaster

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Properties: Soft, translucent mineral, easy to carve. Common usage: Small indoor statues and ornamental carvings.

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Glass

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Properties: Fragile, transparent or translucent, can be formed by melting and molding. Common usage: Modern sculptures, stained glass, and art installations.

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Wood

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Properties: Organic, varies widely in hardness and grain. Common usage: Tribal arts, religious figures, and contemporary sculptures.

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Steel

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Properties: An alloy of iron, carbon, and sometimes other elements, strong and flexible. Common usage: Large public sculptures and structural frameworks.

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Marble

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Properties: Durable, fine-grained, can be polished to a high shine. Common usage: Classical sculptures, monuments, and architectural elements.

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Clay

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Properties: Malleable natural soil material, can be fired to hardness. Common usage: Pottery, small-scale sculptures, and figurines.

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Soapstone

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Properties: Talc-rich rock that is soft and easy to carve. Common usage: Small-scale sculptures, decorative items, and inuit art.

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Granite

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Properties: Very hard igneous rock, difficult to carve but highly durable. Common usage: Public art, memorials, and architectural components.

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Ice

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Properties: Temporary and translucent, melts at temperatures above 0°C. Common usage: Ice sculptures, winter festivals, and decorative displays.

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Fabric

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Properties: Soft, flexible, can be woven, dyed, or painted. Common usage: Textile arts, soft sculptures, and mixed-media installations.

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