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Variety is the use of different elements in a composition to create interest and avoid monotony. This can be done through different shapes, colors, textures, and sizes.

Hierarchy in art is the ranking of elements in a composition in terms of their visual importance. It can be created by varying size, color intensity, value, or depth within the piece.

Emphasis is used to draw attention to one area of the work, often creating a focal point. This can be achieved through contrast, placement, size, color, or shape.

Movement refers to the path the viewer's eye takes as it follows shapes, colors, lines, and forms within the artwork. Artists use this to guide attention throughout the piece.

Unity is the feeling that all the components of the artwork fit together cohesively. It's achieved through the use of similar elements and is essential for a sense of completeness.

Balance refers to the distribution of visual weight in a work of art. It can be symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial. Its usage helps in creating harmony and structure within the artwork.

Contrast involves placing opposing elements next to each other to highlight their differences, such as light vs. dark or smooth vs. rough textures. It's used to draw attention and add interest to the piece.

Rhythm in art is created through the repetition of elements such as lines, shapes, or colors, similar to the rhythm in music. It creates a sense of movement and can evoke emotional responses.

Repetition involves using the same or similar elements multiple times in a composition. This builds coherence and can reinforce a concept, pattern, or theme within the artwork.

Space in art refers to the illusion of depth or three-dimensionality. Positive space is the area occupied by objects, while negative space is the empty area around or within objects.

Proportion refers to the relative size of parts within a whole. It can significantly affect the harmony of an artwork. Distorting proportion can create emphasis or suggest importance.

Scale refers to the size of an object in relation to others in the composition or the viewer. Large scale can create a sense of importance or awe, whereas small scale can be intimate or less significant.

Harmony in artwork is achieved when all parts of the visual image relate to and complement each other. Harmony brings a sense of order and consistency to a composition.

Pattern refers to the repeating arrangement of visual elements. It can provide structure and interest, as well as a sense of stability or dynamism, depending on the complexity and variety of the repetition.