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Quality Management Essentials
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Value Stream Mapping
Value Stream Mapping is a lean-management method for analyzing the current state and designing a future state for a series of events that take a product or service from its beginning through to the customer. It is important because it helps to identify and eliminate waste in a process.
PDCA Cycle
The Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle is a four-step management method used for the control and continuous improvement of processes and products. It is important for its role in fostering a culture of continuous quality improvement.
ISO 9001
ISO 9001 is an international standard that specifies requirements for a quality management system (QMS). Organizations use the standard to demonstrate the ability to consistently provide products and services that meet customer and regulatory requirements. It is important as a benchmark for quality assurance practices globally.
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
QFD is a process of determining what qualities are necessary for a product to meet the customer's demands and translating those needs into an actionable plan. It is important for its role in ensuring that customer requirements are consistently met throughout the design process.
Gemba
Gemba refers to the 'real place' in Japanese, where value is created in the workplace; it's often used in the context of 'going to the Gemba' or the shop floor to observe the actual work being done. It's important as a practice in Lean management for understanding the value creation process and identifying improvement opportunities.
Lean Manufacturing
Lean Manufacturing is a systematic method for waste minimization within a manufacturing system without sacrificing productivity. It is important for improving overall customer value through streamlining processes and eliminating unnecessary activities.
Cost of Quality (CoQ)
CoQ is a methodology that determines the costs incurred by an organization to maintain an acceptable level of quality and the costs associated with failing to maintain that level (costs of poor quality). It is important for understanding the trade-offs between investing in quality versus facing failure costs.
Quality Circle
A Quality Circle is a volunteer group composed of workers who meet to discuss and improve processes and quality within their area. The importance is its empowerment of employees to contribute directly to quality and efficiency improvements in the organization.
Balanced Scorecard
The Balanced Scorecard is a strategic planning and management system used to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization. It's important as it goes beyond traditional financial measures to include those for customers, internal business processes, and learning and growth.
Six Sigma
Six Sigma is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement aimed at reducing defects and variability. It's important for its structured data-driven methodology to improve, optimize, and stabilize business processes and designs.
Total Quality Management (TQM)
TQM is a management approach centered on quality, based on the participation of all members of an organization in improving processes, products, services, and the culture. Its importance lies in its comprehensive approach to achieving long-term success through customer satisfaction.
Kaizen
Kaizen is a philosophy that focuses on continual small improvements. In quality management, it's important because it involves all employees in the improvement process and can lead to significant cumulative enhancements over time.
Statistical Process Control (SPC)
SPC involves using statistical methods to monitor and control a process. It helps to ensure that the process operates at its full potential to produce conforming product. It's important for its role in detecting and preventing problems in production processes.
Just-In-Time (JIT)
JIT is an inventory management strategy to increase efficiency and reduce waste by receiving goods only as they are needed in the production process. It's important for reducing inventory costs and can lead to more responsive production systems.
5S
5S is a workplace organization method that uses a list of five Japanese words: Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke. Translated into English, they stand for Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. Its importance lies in creating a clean, orderly, and safe work environment.
Voice of the Customer (VoC)
VoC refers to the process of capturing customers' requirements and feedback to provide the products and services they want. It is important for aligning an organization's products or services with the customers' needs and desires.
Taguchi Methods
Taguchi methods are statistical methods developed by Genichi Taguchi to improve the quality of manufactured goods, and more recently also applied to engineering and biotechnology. It is important for its robustness in design and its focus on variance reduction.
Benchmarking
Benchmarking is the practice of comparing business processes and performance metrics to industry bests and/or best practices from other companies. It is important for identifying areas for improvement and setting performance goals.
Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
FMEA is a systematic, step-by-step approach for identifying all possible failures in a design, manufacturing or assembly process, or a product or service. Its importance lies in its utility to prevent future failures and improve safety and reliability.
Control Charts
Control charts, also known as Shewhart charts, are used in SPC to track whether a process is in a state of control. They are important for monitoring process behavior over time and signaling when deviations occur.
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