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Texture in photography refers to the visual quality of the surface of the subject. Capturing texture can add depth and interest to the photograph. Including distinct textures is important for providing a tactile sense and enhancing the visual experience.

Leading lines are lines within an image that lead the eye to the main subject. They can be straight, curved, or zigzag. Leading lines are important as they direct the viewer's attention and create a sense of depth and perspective in the photograph.

Framing involves using elements within the scene to create a 'frame' around the main subject, which can highlight or isolate the subject from the surrounding environment. The importance of framing lies in focusing the viewer's attention and adding context to the image.

The Rule of Thirds involves dividing the image with two horizontal lines and two vertical lines, creating nine equal segments. Subjects should be placed along these lines or their intersections. This rule is important as it helps balance the composition and often creates a more aesthetically pleasing image than centering the subject.

Symmetry and patterns involve capturing repetitive elements that are symmetrical or create a pattern. Symmetrical and patterned compositions are pleasing to the eye and can create a sense of harmony and order within the photograph.

Depth of field refers to the range of distance within the subject that appears acceptably sharp. Adjusting the depth of field can isolate the subject from the background or bring everything into sharp focus. This is an essential aspect of composition as it affects the perception of depth and the emphasis on the subject.

Color theory in photography refers to the use of color to create a mood, guide the viewer's eye, or establish harmony within the image. Understanding color relationships and their psychological impact is important for conveying the right emotion and highlighting the main subject.

Negative space refers to the area around the main subject of a photograph which is left unoccupied. It's an important compositional element that can emphasize the subject, create a minimalist aesthetic, and provide breathing room within the image.

Balance involves arranging elements in the image so that they feel cohesive and visually stable. This can be achieved through symmetrical or asymmetrical compositions. Balance is important to prevent the image from feeling too heavy or too light on one side.