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Negotiation Tactics

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Anchoring

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Anchoring involves setting a reference point (the anchor) that will dominate the negotiation proceedings. It's usually the first offer made. Example: Proposing an initial high salary during a job negotiation to set the stage for the compromise.

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BATNA

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Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA) refers to the best outcome a party can get if negotiations fail. You should know your BATNA before entering into negotiations. Example: A job seeker's BATNA might be another job offer.

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Mirroring

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Mirroring is the tactic of mimicking the other party's behaviors or language to build rapport. Example: Using the same jargon or terminology as your counterpart in a business negotiation.

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Silence

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Using silence strategically to compel the other party to talk more or reveal information. Example: Pausing after a counteroffer to let the other party consider and possibly improve it.

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Framing

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Framing involves presenting information in a way that highlights certain aspects over others to steer the negotiation. Example: Emphasizing the potential for long-term collaboration in a contract negotiation.

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Bracketing

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Bracketing is negotiating by moving your offer in smaller increments than your counterpart. Example: If an initial offer is met with a large counteroffer, you respond with a more modest concession.

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Boulwarism

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Boulwarism is making a 'take-it-or-leave-it' initial offer that is not intended to be negotiated. Example: A firm giving a final quote for a service without room for negotiation.

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Good Cop/Bad Cop

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This tactic involves two negotiators playing opposing roles: one is reasonable and agreeable (good cop) while the other is tough and uncompromising (bad cop). Example: Used in sales teams to pressure a client into a deal.

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Nibbling

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Nibbling is asking for a series of small concessions that have not been previously discussed, after the main elements of a deal are settled. Example: Asking for free accessories after closing a car sale.

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Deadline Driven

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Using deadlines to force a decision or concession from the other party. Example: Telling a supplier that the deal must be closed by end of day to get the discount.

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Logrolling

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Logrolling is a negotiation tactic where parties trade off meeting each other's demands by prioritizing their wants or needs. Example: Trading off salary for flexible work hours during a job offer negotiation.

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Exploding Offers

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Exploding offers are those that are only available for a short time frame, creating urgency for the other party. Example: A job offer that is rescinded if not accepted within a 48-hour window.

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Highball/Lowball

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Starting with a deliberately high or low initial offer that you know will not be accepted to shift the bargaining range. Example: Pricing a house well above market value to start negotiations.

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Snow Job

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The snow job tactic involves overwhelming the other party with so much information that they cannot analyze it all, leading to confusion. Example: A car salesman listing too many minor features and benefits to distract from the price.

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Split the Difference

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Offering to meet halfway between two negotiating positions as a compromise. Example: If two parties are 10,000apartinanegotiation,onemightsuggestsplittingthedifferenceandsettlingon10,000 apart in a negotiation, one might suggest splitting the difference and settling on 5,000.

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