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Project Management Terminology
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Scope
Scope refers to the boundaries of a project, detailing what the project will deliver and outlining the work required to complete the deliverables. It plays a crucial role in project management to ensure the project remains on track and to control what is included in the project
Scrum
Scrum is an Agile framework for completing complex projects. It organizes work into time-boxed iterations called sprints, promoting incremental development and continuous feedback. It's widely used in project management for software projects.
Burn-down Chart
A Burn-down Chart is a graphical representation of work left to do versus time. In project management, it is often used with Agile methodologies to track progress within a sprint.
Gantt Chart
A Gantt Chart is a visual representation of a project schedule. It shows the start and finish dates of elements of a project, and it helps in project management by providing a clear timeline for task completion.
PERT Chart
A PERT Chart (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) is a project management tool used to plan tasks within a project, making it easy to identify the critical path. It visualizes task order, dependencies, and timelines.
Agile
Agile is a project management methodology that emphasizes iterative development and responsiveness to change. It is centered around flexible planning, customer input, and continual improvement, and it's often used in software development projects.
Critical Path
The Critical Path is the sequence of stages determining the minimum time needed to complete a project. In project management, it is used to prioritize tasks and manage the timing of the project to finish on schedule.
Waterfall
Waterfall is a linear and sequential project management approach where each phase must be completed before the next begins. It's known for its structured nature and documentation requirements, and is often contrasted with Agile methodologies.
Stakeholder
A stakeholder is any individual, group or organization that can affect or is affected by a project's outcomes. In project management, stakeholders influence project requirements and objectives and are important for successful project completion.
Kanban
Kanban is a visual project management system that emphasizes continuous delivery without overburdening the team. It uses a Kanban board to visualize the flow of work and is popular in Lean software development environments.
Risk Management Plan
A Risk Management Plan is a document prepared by the project manager to foresee risks, estimate their impact, and plan responses to them. It’s essential in project management for identifying potential problems before they occur.
Sprint
A Sprint is a set period of time during which specific work has to be completed and made ready for review. In the Scrum framework of project management, sprints are the core of iterative development.
Stakeholder Engagement
Stakeholder Engagement is the process by which project managers involve individuals who may be affected by the projects they are working on, ensuring that their needs are addressed. Effective engagement is key for project acceptance.
Triple Constraint
The Triple Constraint refers to the three primary limitations of any project: scope, time, and cost. Project management revolves around balancing these constraints without compromising on quality.
Deliverable
A Deliverable is a tangible or intangible product or service produced as a result of a project. In project management, deliverables are the outputs that must be delivered to complete a project or part of a project.
Time Management
Time Management in project management is the process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities. Good time management enables an individual to complete more in a shorter period of time and reduces stress.
Resource Leveling
Resource Leveling is a technique used in project management to address resource constraints by adjusting the project schedule. It ensures consistent resource utilization and can help to avoid overallocation.
Baseline
A project baseline is the original project plan which was approved before the start of the project. In project management, the baseline is used to measure how actual performance deviates from the plan and guide adjustments.
Procurement Management
Procurement Management is the process of acquiring goods and services from outside the organization to complete a project. It involves contract management and change control processes to ensure the timely delivery of resources.
Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance involves systematic activities implemented in a project to ensure that it meets the requirements for which it was undertaken. In project management, it's about preventing mistakes and ensuring quality deliverables.
Return on Investment (ROI)
Return on Investment quantifies the profitability of a project and is calculated by dividing the net benefits (project return) by the total cost. In project management, it is used to justify the financial value of undertaking the project.
Change Management Process
Change Management is a systematic approach to deal with change both from the perspective of an organization and on the individual level. In project management, it involves managing change requests to ensure project goals remain aligned.
Project Lifecycle
The Project Lifecycle refers to the stages a project goes through from initiation to completion. In project management, understanding the lifecycle is important for applying the appropriate processes and methodologies at each stage.
RACI Matrix
A RACI Matrix is a chart that identifies the roles and responsibilities of team members in completing tasks or deliverables for a project. It stands for Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed.
Risk Mitigation
Risk Mitigation is the process of planning and developing methods and options to reduce threats to project objectives. In project management, it includes identifying risks, assessing them, and planning for risk responses.
Project Charter
A Project Charter is a document that formally authorizes a project. It outlines the project's objectives, scope, stakeholders, and gives the project manager the authority to utilize resources for the project activities.
Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM)
Critical Chain Project Management focuses on resource scheduling and the use of buffers to manage schedule uncertainty. In project management, it's a method applied to plan and manage projects that ensure resources are optimally utilized.
Earned Value Management (EVM)
Earned Value Management is a project management methodology used to measure project performance and progress in an objective manner. It integrates project scope, cost, and schedule to help keep the project on track.
Communication Plan
A Communication Plan is a policy-driven approach to providing stakeholders with information. It outlines when information will be communicated, how it will be delivered, and who will receive it.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
A Work Breakdown Structure is a deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be executed by the project team. In project management, it is used to organize and define the total scope of the project.
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