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Web Development Terminology
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DOM
Document Object Model, a programming interface for web documents that represents the page so that programs can change the document structure, style, and content.
API
Application Programming Interface, a set of protocols and tools for building software and applications.
AJAX
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML, a set of web development techniques using many web technologies on the client side to create asynchronous web applications.
SEO
Search Engine Optimization, the process of improving the quality and quantity of website traffic by increasing the visibility of a website or a web page to users of a web search engine.
JavaScript
An interpreted programming language that conforms to the ECMAScript specification, commonly used to add interactivity to web pages.
Responsive Web Design
An approach to web design that makes web pages render well on a variety of devices and window or screen sizes.
Git
A distributed version-control system for tracking changes in source code during software development.
CSS
Cascading Style Sheets, a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in HTML or XML.
OAuth
An open standard for access delegation, commonly used as a way for Internet users to grant websites or applications access to their information without giving them the passwords.
HTTPS
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, an extension of HTTP for secure communication over a computer network.
Sass
A preprocessor scripting language that is interpreted or compiled into Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
Media Queries
Techniques in CSS that allow style rules to be applied only when certain conditions are true, particularly useful in creating responsive web designs.
CDN
Content Delivery Network, a system of distributed servers that deliver pages and other web content to a user, based on the geographic locations of the user, the origin of the webpage, and the content delivery server.
Responsive Images
Images that work well on devices with widely differing screen sizes, resolutions, and other such features.
NPM
Node Package Manager, a package manager for the JavaScript programming language. It is the default package manager for the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js.
Bootstrap
An open-source front-end framework for designing websites and web applications. It contains CSS- and JavaScript-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components.
WebAssembly
An open standard that defines a binary-code format for executable programs that enables high-performance applications on web pages.
REST
Representational State Transfer, an architectural style for providing standards between computer systems on the web, making it easier for systems to communicate with each other.
Framework vs. Library
A framework is a collection of programs that do something useful and which you can use to develop your own applications. Libraries are collections of precompiled routines that a program can use.
HTML
HyperText Markup Language, the standard markup language used to create web pages.
Local Storage
A web storage method that allows JavaScript sites and apps to store and access data right in the browser with no expiration date.
Session Storage
Similar to local storage, session storage is a part of the Web Storage API, but it has a shorter lifespan: data stored is cleared when the current browsing session ends.
MVC
Model-View-Controller, a software architectural pattern for implementing user interfaces on computers.
PWA
Progressive Web App, a type of application software delivered through the web, built using common web technologies including HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. It is intended to work on any platform that uses a standards-compliant browser, including both desktop and mobile devices.
GraphQL
An open-source data query and manipulation language for APIs, and a runtime for executing queries with existing data.
Containerization
A lightweight alternative to full machine virtualization that involves encapsulating an application in a container with its own operating environment.
Microservices
An architectural style that structures an application as a collection of services that are highly maintainable and testable, loosely coupled, independently deployable, and organized around business capabilities.
JSON
JavaScript Object Notation, an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects.
Webpack
An open-source JavaScript module bundler. It is made primarily for JavaScript, but it can transform front-end assets like HTML, CSS, and images if the corresponding loaders are included.
Cross-site Scripting (XSS)
A type of security vulnerability typically found in web applications. XSS enables attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users.
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