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Civil Engineering Landmarks

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Golden Gate Bridge

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Location: San Francisco, California, USA. Engineering Significance: It was the longest suspension bridge main span in the world at the time of its completion.

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Hoover Dam

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Location: Border of Nevada and Arizona, USA. Engineering Significance: It's one of the highest concrete dams constructed in the U.S. and is a major hydroelectric power source.

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Burj Khalifa

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Location: Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Engineering Significance: It is the tallest structure and building in the world since its completion in 2009.

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Panama Canal

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Location: Panama. Engineering Significance: A vital shipping route that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, saving ships from the lengthy and hazardous Cape Horn route.

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Channel Tunnel

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Location: Between Folkestone, Kent, UK and Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, France. Engineering Significance: It is the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world.

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Eiffel Tower

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Location: Paris, France. Engineering Significance: A notable early example of wrought-iron construction and was the world's tallest man-made structure until the completion of the Chrysler Building in 1930.

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Empire State Building

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Location: New York City, USA. Engineering Significance: It stood as the world's tallest building for nearly 40 years and was constructed in a record time during the Great Depression.

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Sydney Opera House

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Location: Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Engineering Significance: Its innovative use of precast concrete shells set a new benchmark for architectural design.

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Christ the Redeemer

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Location: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Engineering Significance: The statue is a symbol of Christianity across the world, and the reinforced concrete and soapstone structure has become an icon of Brazil.

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Ponte Vecchio

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Location: Florence, Italy. Engineering Significance: An example of a medieval stone closed-spandrel segmental arch bridge noted for still having shops built along it, as was once common.

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The Shard

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Location: London, United Kingdom. Engineering Significance: It is the tallest building in the United Kingdom and an example of a neo-futuristic, glass-clad pyramidal tower.

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Suez Canal

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Location: Egypt. Engineering Significance: A man-made waterway connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, allowing ships to bypass the long and perilous trip around the southern tip of Africa.

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Great Wall of China

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Location: Northern China. Engineering Significance: The longest wall in the world and an astounding feat of ancient defensive architecture.

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Brooklyn Bridge

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Location: New York City, USA. Engineering Significance: It was the first steel-wire suspension bridge constructed and has become an iconic part of the New York City skyline.

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Taipei 101

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Location: Taipei, Taiwan. Engineering Significance: It features a pendulum that serves as a tuned mass damper, stabilizing the building against earthquakes and typhoons.

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Itaipu Dam

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Location: Border of Brazil and Paraguay. Engineering Significance: It is one of the world's largest hydroelectric power plants and is an example of massive-scale energy production and binational cooperation.

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Stari Most

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Location: Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Engineering Significance: An exemplary piece of Islamic architecture in the Balkan region and a testament to the city's history as a cultural and economical bridge between East and West.

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Montreal Biosphère

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Location: Montreal, Canada. Engineering Significance: This geodesic dome, designed by Buckminster Fuller, is a museum dedicated to environmental action and is an architectural landmark of Expo 67.

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Forth Bridge

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Location: East of Scotland. Engineering Significance: It was the first major structure in Britain to be constructed of steel and is considered a symbol of Scotland as well as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

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Big Ben

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Location: London, United Kingdom. Engineering Significance: Big Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the striking clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster and is a symbol of both London and England.

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Millau Viaduct

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Location: Millau-Creissels, France. Engineering Significance: The tallest bridge in the world, designed by the British architect Norman Foster and French structural engineer Michel Virlogeux.

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CN Tower

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Location: Toronto, Canada. Engineering Significance: This communications and observation tower held the record for the world's tallest free-standing structure for 32 years.

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Willis Tower (Sears Tower)

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Location: Chicago, Illinois, USA. Engineering Significance: Its innovative 'bundled-tube' design was a new approach to skyscraper construction, influencing cityscapes around the world.

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The Gherkin

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Location: London, United Kingdom. Engineering Significance: The building's distinctive shape and energy efficiency due to its aerodynamic design mark new developments in architectural design for high-rise buildings.

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One World Trade Center

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Location: New York City, USA. Engineering Significance: It is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex and is currently the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere.

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Akashi Kaikyō Bridge

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Location: Kobe and Awaji Island, Japan. Engineering Significance: Holds the title for the world's longest central span of any suspension bridge.

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Petronas Towers

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Location: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Engineering Significance: These were the tallest buildings in the world from 1998 to 2004 and are an example of postmodern architecture featuring Islamic design elements.

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Burj Al Arab

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Location: Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Engineering Significance: Known for its distinctive sail-shaped silhouette, it stands on an artificial island and is connected to the mainland via a private curving bridge.

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Stonehenge

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Location: Wiltshire, England. Engineering Significance: An ancient prehistoric stone monument that still puzzles historians and scientists about the methods and technologies used during its construction.

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The Colosseum

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Location: Rome, Italy. Engineering Significance: An ancient amphitheater that is considered one of the greatest feats of Roman engineering and architecture, known for its complex system of vaults.

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