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Structures that project into space supported on only one end. Benefit: Allows for overhanging structures without external bracing. Drawback: Requires careful structural engineering to ensure stability.

A construction method where concrete elements are cast and cured in a controlled environment before being transported to the construction site for placement. Benefit: High quality control and faster construction on site. Drawback: Requires transportation and lifting equipment.

Involves erecting a skeleton frame of steel columns and beams on which building floors, walls, and roofs are constructed. Benefit: High strength-to-weight ratio, allowing for tall and long-span structures. Drawback: Can be more expensive and requires protection against corrosion.

Stacked blocks of rigid insulation which are then filled with concrete. Benefit: Excellent insulation and soundproofing. Drawback: Can be more costly than traditional wood framing.

Concrete walls are cast horizontally on the ground and then tilted up into place. Benefit: Speed of erecting large panels and reduced labor cost. Drawback: Limited to sites with adequate space to lay out the panels.

A method of building that uses heavy timber joined together with various joints, typically without the use of nails. Benefit: Aesthetically pleasing and renewable resource. Drawback: Maintenance required to prevent decay, and fire safety is a concern.

Structures with a hollow half-spherical shape. Benefit: Evenly distributed stress and no internal support needed. Drawback: Complicated construction and vulnerable to environmental factors without proper design and materials.

Concrete conveyed through a hose and pneumatically projected at high velocity onto a surface. Benefit: Allows for complex shapes and is suitable for overhead and vertical applications. Drawback: Requires skilled labor and specialized equipment.

Uses galvanized steel rolled into thin profiles for framing and structural elements. Benefit: Lightweight, strong, and doesn't rot or warp. Drawback: Thermal bridging can be an issue without proper insulation.

Construction using individual units of bricks, blocks or stones bound together by mortar. Benefit: Fire resistant and durable. Drawback: Labour-intensive and poor insulation properties without additional materials.

Buildings and structures that utilize arches to span spaces. Benefit: Strong and stable under compression. Drawback: Complex forms and significant lateral thrust.

A technique for building walls using natural raw materials such as earth, chalk, lime, or gravel. Benefit: Sustainable and provides thermal mass. Drawback: Labor intensive and requires specific soil conditions.

A construction method where concrete is poured into forms on the job site where it will harden. Benefit: Strong, monolithic structure; versatile shapes possible. Drawback: Requires extensive formwork and longer curing times on site.

Buildings are produced in modules that are then brought to the site and assembled. Benefit: Fast construction and minimal site disturbance. Drawback: Modules are limited in size due to transportation constraints.