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Transportation Legislation and Policy

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Clean Air Act

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Purpose: To control air pollution by instituting regulations for emissions. Impact on Transportation: Reduction in permissible emissions from vehicles, leading to advances in vehicle emission control technologies.

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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

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Purpose: To prevent discrimination against individuals with disabilities. Impact on Transportation: Mandated accessible transportation services, including modified vehicles and transit systems.

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National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act

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Purpose: To reduce traffic accidents and injuries by enforcing vehicle performance standards. Impact on Transportation: Implementation of safety features such as seat belts, air bags, and crash performance criteria in vehicles.

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Federal-Aid Highway Act

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Purpose: To provide financial aid for roadway construction and improvement. Impact on Transportation: Led to the development of the Interstate Highway System, increasing connectivity and reducing travel time across states.

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Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21)

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Purpose: To authorize funding for transportation programs. Impact on Transportation: Expansion of federal surface transportation programs, emphasizing sustainability and safety.

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Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008

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Purpose: To enhance railroad safety. Impact on Transportation: Required the implementation of positive train control (PTC) systems to prevent train-to-train collisions.

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Jones Act (Merchant Marine Act of 1920)

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Purpose: To regulate maritime commerce in U.S. waters and between U.S. ports. Impact on Transportation: Supports the U.S. maritime industry by requiring goods shipped between U.S. ports to be transported on U.S.-built and flagged ships.

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The Motor Carrier Act of 1980

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Purpose: To deregulate the trucking industry. Impact on Transportation: Increased competition and efficiency in the industry, leading to reduced costs of goods transportation.

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Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970

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Purpose: To fund the development of a nationwide airport and airway system. Impact on Transportation: Facilitated the expansion and modernization of U.S. airports, improving passenger and cargo transportation services.

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Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA)

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Purpose: To improve aviation security in the wake of the September 11 attacks. Impact on Transportation: Created the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) to oversee security in all modes of transportation, with an emphasis on air travel.

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Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21)

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Purpose: To fund surface transportation programs. Impact on Transportation: Focusing on safety, maintenance, and efficiency, the act streamlined project delivery and consolidated numerous federal highway programs.

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Shipping Act of 1984

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Purpose: To establish a competitive and efficient ocean transportation system. Impact on Transportation: Allowed for greater flexibility in the maritime industry, leading to improved carrier alliances and service contracts.

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Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991

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Purpose: To develop a national intermodal transportation system. Impact on Transportation: Encouraged the seamless movement of people and goods across different transportation modes, and increased funding for alternative forms of transportation such as biking and walking.

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High-Speed Rail Act of 2008

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Purpose: To promote the development of high-speed rail networks in the U.S. Impact on Transportation: Led to the consideration and planning for high-speed rail corridors and allocated funds for rail infrastructure improvements.

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Airline Deregulation Act of 1978

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Purpose: To remove government control over fares, routes, and market entry in the commercial airline industry. Impact on Transportation: Increased competition and market accessibility for new airlines, lower fares for consumers, and route expansion.

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Airport Noise and Capacity Act of 1990

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Purpose: To address the growing issue of aircraft noise at airports. Impact on Transportation: Imposed noise restrictions on civil aircraft and guided the development of noise abatement programs at airports.

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Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act

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Purpose: To provide long-term funding certainty for surface transportation. Impact on Transportation: Invested in infrastructure and transportation to enhance America’s roads, bridges, rail systems, and transit networks.

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Federal Railroad Safety Act of 1970

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Purpose: To promote safety in all areas of railroad operations and reduce railroad-related accidents. Impact on Transportation: Resulted in the enforcement of safety regulations and guidelines for railroads, improving rail transportation safety.

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Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964

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Purpose: To provide financial assistance for the development of urban mass transportation systems. Impact on Transportation: Supported the creation and maintenance of public transit systems, helping to reduce congestion and improve urban mobility.

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Pipelines and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Regulations

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Purpose: To regulate and ensure the safe and secure movement of hazardous materials to industry and consumers. Impact on Transportation: Enforced safety standards for the transport of hazardous materials, impacting road, rail, air, and maritime transportation.

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