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Transportation Planning Principles

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Transportation System Management (TSM)

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TSM focuses on improving transportation systems through incremental changes, such as signal timing improvements. Importance: It enhances the efficiency and performance of existing infrastructure without significant capital investments.

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Sustainable Transportation

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Sustainable transportation refers to modes and policies that minimize environmental impact, enhance the efficient use of resources, and improve social equity. It's important for reducing carbon footprint and ensuring long-term viability of transportation systems.

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Transportation Equity

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Transportation equity ensures that all communities have fair access to transportation options and benefits. Importance: It addresses social and economic disparities, allowing for inclusive growth and opportunity.

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Travel Demand Forecasting

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Travel demand forecasting predicts future travel patterns and volume to aid in transportation planning. Importance: Accurate forecasts are essential for effective infrastructure investment and avoiding over- or under-capacity issues.

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Travel Time Reliability

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Travel time reliability refers to the consistency and predictability of travel times on a transportation network. Importance: Reliable travel times are crucial for economic productivity and user satisfaction.

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Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)

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ITS refers to the use of advanced technology to manage transportation and improve efficiency, such as real-time traffic information systems. Importance: ITS enhances transportation system performance and can lead to a reduction in congestion and accidents.

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Accessibility

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Accessibility is a measure of the ease with which destinations can be reached from a location. It is important because it determines how easily people can access jobs, services, and amenities, thus impacting their quality of life.

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Context Sensitive Solutions (CSS)

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CSS is an approach that designs transportation projects to preserve and enhance the environmental, social, and economic characteristics of the area. Importance: It ensures that transportation solutions are harmonious with community values.

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Multimodal Transportation

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Multimodal transportation involves integrating different modes of transport to facilitate smoother and more efficient movement of people and goods. Importance: It optimizes the use of each mode's advantages and creates more resilient transportation networks.

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Mode Choice

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Mode choice analysis predicts the transportation mode individuals will choose for their trips. Importance: It guides the planning of balanced transportation systems and informs policy decisions regarding infrastructure investments.

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Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

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EIA is the evaluation of the potential environmental effects caused by transportation projects. Importance: It ensures that significant environmental impacts are considered before the project is developed.

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Parking Management

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Parking management involves strategies to efficiently use parking resources and reduce reliance on private vehicle travel. Importance: Effective parking management can alleviate congestion and encourage alternative transportation modes.

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Bicycle and Pedestrian Planning

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This aspect of planning focuses on providing safe and convenient walking and cycling infrastructure. Importance: It promotes active transportation, reduces traffic congestion, and supports public health.

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Transportation Safety Planning

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This involves developing strategies and interventions to reduce the number and severity of transportation-related injuries and fatalities. Importance: Ensuring safety is critical for protecting human life and the well-being of communities.

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Freight Transportation Planning

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Freight transportation planning involves the organization and management of goods movement. Importance: Efficient freight planning is essential for economic competitiveness and reducing the impact of freight transport on the environment.

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Network Design

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Network design involves structuring transportation systems to connect different locations efficiently. Importance: Well-designed networks reduce travel times, improve safety, and support sustainable development.

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Transit-Oriented Development (TOD)

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TOD is a planning strategy that focuses on creating high-density, mixed-use areas around transit stations. Importance: TOD encourages public transport use, reduces reliance on cars, and promotes sustainable urban growth.

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Congestion Pricing

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Congestion pricing charges drivers a fee to use roadways during peak traffic times. Importance: It is intended to manage demand, reduce congestion, and generate revenue for transportation improvements.

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Transportation Resilience

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Resilience in transportation refers to the ability of the system to withstand and recover from adverse conditions. Importance: Building resilient transportation networks is crucial for maintaining functionality in the face of challenges such as climate change or natural disasters.

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Level of Service (LOS)

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Level of Service is a qualitative measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream, graded from A to F. Importance: LOS is used to determine the quality and performance of different transportation facilities.

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Trip Generation

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Trip generation is the process of estimating the number of trips that will originate or end in a particular area. Importance: Understanding trip generation helps planners anticipate demand and develop appropriate transportation infrastructure.

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Transportation Funding and Financing

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This concept deals with methods of generating revenue for transportation projects, such as user fees, taxes, and bonds. Importance: Reliable funding is necessary to maintain, expand, and improve transportation infrastructure.

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Asset Management

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Asset management in transportation is the systematic process of maintaining, upgrading, and operating physical assets cost-effectively. Importance: It extends the service life of infrastructure and ensures optimal performance.

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Demand Management

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Demand management is a strategy to optimize the use of transportation systems by influencing travel behavior. It is important to reduce congestion, lower emissions, and increase the overall efficiency of the transport network.

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Traffic Flow Theory

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Traffic flow theory studies the interactions between drivers, vehicles, and infrastructure to understand and predict traffic movement. Importance: It informs traffic management strategies and infrastructure design to improve safety and efficiency.

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Public Participation in Planning

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Public participation entails involving community members in the decision-making process of transportation planning. Importance: It ensures that the transportation system reflects the needs and values of the community.

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Land Use Planning

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Land use planning involves organizing and controlling land uses to support efficient and sustainable transportation. Importance: Integrating transportation with land use planning reduces travel demand and fosters vibrant, walkable communities.

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Route Assignment

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Route assignment determines which routes travelers will take, based on factors like travel time and cost. Importance: Effective route assignment helps to manage traffic congestion and optimize the use of existing transportation networks.

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Economic Impact Analysis

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Economic impact analysis measures the effects of transportation projects on economic activity. Importance: It helps prioritize projects based on their potential to stimulate economic growth and create jobs.

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Trip Distribution

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Trip distribution models how trips are dispersed from origins to destinations. Importance: It allows planners to understand travel patterns and to design networks that accommodate these patterns efficiently.

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Traffic Impact Analysis

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This analysis assesses the effects of new developments on the transportation system. Importance: It informs the need for infrastructure changes to accommodate additional traffic and prevent negative impacts on existing flows.

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