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Permaculture is a holistic agricultural system that mimics the patterns of natural ecosystems. It seeks to create sustainable and self-sufficient habitats. Advantages include increased biodiversity, sustainability by reducing waste and utilizing resources efficiently, and fostering resilience to climate changes.

Succession planting involves growing a series of different crops in the same area throughout a growing season. Advantages include maximizing the use of space, continuous harvest throughout the season, and reduced pest and disease build-up.

Raised bed gardening involves elevating the soil above the ground in contained units, which can offer improved drainage, soil quality control, and reduce weed pressure. Its advantages are prolonged growing season due to warmer soil, easier access for gardeners, and improved pest control.

Drip irrigation is a watering method that delivers water directly to the roots of plants through a system of tubes and emitters. Advantages include water conservation, targeted delivery of water and nutrients, and reduced weed growth due to less water in non-planted areas.

Back to Eden gardening is a method of organic gardening that mimics a natural woodland floor by using wood chips as ground cover. Advantages include reducing the need for watering, minimal weeding, and creating a nutrient-rich, self-maintaining soil environment.

Crop rotation is the practice of growing different types of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons to improve soil health, reduce pests, and minimize plant diseases. Advantages include nutrient management, pest and disease control, and reduction of soil erosion.

Square foot gardening is a technique that divides the growing area into small square sections, typically 1 foot by 1 foot. The advantages are efficient use of space, simplified planning of crop rotation, and reduced workload in terms of weeding and maintenance.

Companion planting involves placing certain plants together to improve growth, deter pests, and encourage pollination. Advantages of this technique include natural pest control, enhanced growth due to beneficial interactions, and increased biodiversity within the garden environment.

Vertical gardening is the practice of growing plants on vertical surfaces or structures, allowing for efficient use of space. The advantages include suitability for urban environments with limited space, potential for aesthetic garden design, and ease of harvest.

Greenhouse gardening involves growing plants within a transparent structure that allows sunlight in while controlling environmental conditions. Advantages include the ability to extend the growing season, protection from pests and adverse weather, and optimal growing conditions can be maintained.

Hugelkultur is a permaculture technique that involves creating raised garden beds by piling wood logs and branches covered by soil and compost. Advantages include improved soil fertility, water retention due to the decomposition of wood, and reduced need for irrigation.

Fermentation fertilizing is a natural technique where organic waste is fermented to produce a liquid fertilizer. Advantages include the creation of beneficial microorganisms, reduced waste in the garden, and enhanced soil fertility and plant health.

French intensive gardening is a technique that emphasizes double digging, close plant spacing, and intercropping to achieve high productivity in a small space. Advantages include increased yields, improved soil aeration and structure, and efficient use of space and resources.

Aquaponics combines aquaculture and hydroponics to grow plants and fish together in one integrated system. The fish waste provides organic food for the plants, and the plants naturally filter and clean the water for the fish. Advantages include water efficiency, reduction in fertilizer use, and continuous production of both fish and plants.

Lasagna gardening is a no-dig, no-till organic gardening method that involves creating layers of organic material that will decompose over time. Advantages include no need for digging or tilling, enhanced soil quality as materials break down, and it can be a form of composting in place.

Grafting is a horticultural technique where tissues from one plant are inserted into those of another so that the two sets may join together and continue their growth. Advantages include combining the best traits of different plants, faster fruit production, and disease resistance.

Mulching involves covering the soil with a layer of material (such as straw, wood chips, or leaves) to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, reduce weed growth, and enhance soil fertility as the mulch decomposes. Advantages include water conservation, soil structure improvement, and increased microbial activity.

Keyhole gardening involves creating a raised bed with a keyhole-shaped access path that allows for easy reach of all parts of the garden. Advantages include efficient water usage, ease of access, and improved composting by including a central basket for kitchen scraps that decompose to nourish the soil.

Moon gardening is a practice that aligns planting, harvesting, and other garden tasks with the lunar phases, based on the belief that the moon's gravitational influence affects plant growth. Advantages include optimized plant growth and potential improvements in yield and plant health.

Container gardening involves growing plants in containers instead of planting them in the ground, allowing for flexibility in moving the plants as well as soil customization. Advantages include the ability to garden in limited spaces, controlled soil conditions, and reduced pest and disease issues.

Hydroponics is a soil-less gardening technique where plants are grown in a nutrient-rich water solution. Advantages include higher yield and growth rates due to controlled nutrient delivery, no weeds, and reduced risks of soil-borne diseases.

No-dig gardening is an approach that minimizes soil disturbance, relying on the addition of organic matter to the soil surface for plant growth. Advantages include reduced weed problems, improved soil structure and health, and it's labor-saving compared to traditional tilling methods.

Biodynamic gardening is an approach based on the principles of biodynamic agriculture, which considers the garden as an interconnected whole and emphasizes the interplay between all living organisms. Advantages include enhanced soil health, biodiversity, and a holistic, sustainable approach to gardening.

Bio-intensive gardening is an organic method that focuses on maximizing production in small spaces by using deep soil preparation, close plant spacing, and companion planting. Advantages include a significant yield increase per unit area, improved soil fertility, and reduced need for artificial inputs.