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British Monarchs and Their Reigns
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William I (William the Conqueror)
Years of reign: 1066-1087 Notable events: Norman Conquest of England, Domesday Book commission
Henry II
Years of reign: 1154-1189 Notable events: Thomas Becket's murder, Legal reforms and development of Common Law
Richard I (Richard the Lionheart)
Years of reign: 1189-1199 Notable events: Third Crusade, Captivity in Europe, Ransom
Edward I
Years of reign: 1272-1307 Notable events: Conquest of Wales, Laws of Edward I, War with Scotland
Edward III
Years of reign: 1327-1377 Notable events: Hundred Years' War, Black Death, Order of the Garter establishment
Henry VIII
Years of reign: 1509-1547 Notable events: English Reformation, Six marriages, Dissolution of the Monasteries
Elizabeth I
Years of reign: 1558-1603 Notable events: Spanish Armada defeat, Elizabethan Religious Settlement, Flourishing of English Renaissance
James I
Years of reign: 1603-1625 Notable events: Union of the Crowns, Gunpowder Plot, King James Bible commission
Charles I
Years of reign: 1625-1649 Notable events: English Civil War, Personal Rule, Execution after the war
Charles II
Years of reign: 1660-1685 Notable events: Restoration of the monarchy, Great Plague of London, Great Fire of London
James II
Years of reign: 1685-1688 Notable events: Glorious Revolution, Fled to France, Bill of Rights 1689
William III and Mary II
Years of reign: 1689-1702 (William III until 1702, Mary II until 1694) Notable events: Bill of Rights enactment, Jacobite uprisings, Bank of England establishment
Anne
Years of reign: 1702-1714 Notable events: Act of Union with Scotland, War of the Spanish Succession, Last Stuart monarch
George I
Years of reign: 1714-1727 Notable events: First Hanoverian king, South Sea Bubble, Jacobite rising of 1715
George II
Years of reign: 1727-1760 Notable events: Last British monarch born outside Great Britain, Jacobite rising of 1745, War of Austrian Succession
George III
Years of reign: 1760-1820 Notable events: American Revolutionary War, Acts of Union with Ireland, Napoleonic Wars
George IV
Years of reign: 1820-1830 Notable events: Regency era, Cato Street Conspiracy, Construction of Buckingham Palace
William IV
Years of reign: 1830-1837 Notable events: Reform Act 1832, End of personal rule of kings, Preceded Queen Victoria
Victoria
Years of reign: 1837-1901 Notable events: Victorian Era, British Empire's expansion, Diamond Jubilee
Edward VII
Years of reign: 1901-1910 Notable events: Edwardian Era, Entente Cordiale, Modernization of the British Home Fleet
George V
Years of reign: 1910-1936 Notable events: World War I, Name change to House of Windsor, Statute of Westminster
Edward VIII
Years of reign: 1936 Notable events: Abdication Crisis, Never crowned, Married Wallis Simpson
George VI
Years of reign: 1936-1952 Notable events: World War II, Independence of India, National Health Service establishment
Elizabeth II
Years of reign: 1952-2022 Notable events: Longest reigning British monarch, Decolonization, COVID-19 pandemic
Henry I
Years of reign: 1100-1135 Notable events: White Ship disaster, Charter of Liberties, Establishment of Exchequer
Stephen
Years of reign: 1135-1154 Notable events: Anarchy, Battle of Lincoln, Treaty of Wallingford
Edward II
Years of reign: 1307-1327 Notable events: Defeat by Robert the Bruce, Bannockburn Battle, Deposition
Richard II
Years of reign: 1377-1399 Notable events: Peasants’ Revolt, Patronage of the arts, Deposition by Henry IV
Henry IV
Years of reign: 1399-1413 Notable events: Lancastrian revolt, Developments in English literature, Welsh Revolt
Henry V
Years of reign: 1413-1422 Notable events: Battle of Agincourt, Hundred Years' War, Treaty of Troyes
Henry VI
Years of reign: 1422-1461, 1470-1471 Notable events: Wars of the Roses, First king of dual monarchy of England and France, Loss of English territory in France
Edward IV
Years of reign: 1461-1470, 1471-1483 Notable events: Wars of the Roses, Readmission of Burgundy into trade with England, Building of St George's Chapel
Richard III
Years of reign: 1483-1485 Notable events: Princes in the Tower, Battle of Bosworth Field, Last Plantagenet monarch
Henry VII
Years of reign: 1485-1509 Notable events: Tudor dynasty founder, Battle of Stoke Field, Establishment of the Star Chamber
James II
Years of reign: 1685-1688 Notable events: Declarations of Indulgence, Monmouth Rebellion, William of Orange's invasion
George VI
Years of reign: 1936-1952 Notable events: Coronation at Westminster Abbey, World War II leadership, Start of the NHS
Mary I
Years of reign: 1553-1558 Notable events: Restoration of Roman Catholicism, Marian Persecutions, Loss of Calais to France
Edward VI
Years of reign: 1547-1553 Notable events: Protestant reformation policies, First Book of Common Prayer, Minority reign with regents
Matilda
Years of reign: Disputed, 1141 Notable events: Civil war with Stephen, Battle of Lincoln, First female English monarch
Charles II
Years of reign: 1660-1685 Notable events: Treaty of Breda, Introduction of habeas corpus, Royal Society patronage
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