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Freedom of Religion or Belief
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The Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA) of 2000 (United States)
Protects individuals, houses of worship, and other religious institutions from zoning and landmarking laws that substantially burden their religious exercise.
Convention against Discrimination in Education (UNESCO)
Prohibits any form of discrimination in education, including on the basis of religion, ensuring equality of opportunity and treatment for all in education.
Religion or Belief Discrimination under the Human Rights Act 1998 (UK)
Makes it unlawful to discriminate against individuals because of their religion or belief, or lack thereof, in a variety of settings, including employment and education.
Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief
Proclaims that everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion or belief, which shall include the freedom to have a religion or whatever belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in worship, observance, practice, and teaching.
The South African Constitution - Section 15 (Freedom of Religion, Belief, and Opinion)
Everyone has the right to freedom of conscience, religion, thought, belief, and opinion, which includes the right to believe or not to believe, and to practice their religion free from interference.
The French Law on Secularism and Conspicuous Religious Symbols in Schools
Prohibits the wearing of conspicuous religious symbols in public (government-operated) primary and secondary schools, intending to preserve secularism and the neutrality of the state education environment.
Article 9 ECHR - Right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief, in worship, teaching, practice and observance.
Religious Discrimination under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Australia)
Provides protection against workplace discrimination on the grounds of religion, among other attributes, aiming to ensure fair and productive workplaces.
The Religious Freedoms Restoration Act of 1993 (United States)
Ensures that interests in religious freedom are protected by requiring that the government not burden a person's exercise of religion unless it is in furtherance of a compelling governmental interest and is the least restrictive means of furthering that interest.
International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (United States)
Aims to promote religious freedom as a foreign policy of the United States, and to advocate on behalf of individuals persecuted in foreign countries on account of religion.
Italian Constitution - Article 19
Guarantees that anyone has the right to freely profess their religious beliefs in any form, individual or associated, to propagate them, and to worship in private or in public, provided it is not a hindrance to public morality.
The Anti-Discrimination Act (Norway)
Aims to promote equality, ensure equal opportunities and rights, and prevent discrimination based on ethnicity, national origin, ancestry, skin color, language, religion, and belief.
The German Federal Constitutional Court on Religious Dress
Has ruled that bans on religious dress must be justified by a concrete risk, not by general considerations or the aim of upholding state neutrality. This protects the individual's right to wear religious symbols or attire as long as it does not disrupt public order or violate the rights of others.
Article 12 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion; this right includes freedom to change religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest religion or belief, in worship, teaching, practice, and observance.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) - Article 18
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
Human Rights Committee General Comment No. 22
Clarifies the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion, stating that the freedom to manifest a religion or belief may be subject only to such limitations as prescribed by law and necessary to protect public safety, order, health, or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others.
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Section 2
Everyone has the following fundamental freedoms: freedom of conscience and religion; freedom of thought, belief, opinion, and expression, including freedom of the press and other media of communication.
Article 18 ICCPR - Right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion; this right includes freedom to change one's religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest one's religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
Inter-American Convention Against All Forms of Discrimination and Intolerance
Affirms that all forms of discrimination and intolerance, including on the basis of religion or beliefs, are violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms.
The Religious Freedom Act (Finland)
Guarantees freedom of religion and conscience, including the right to profess and practice a religion, to express one's convictions, and to belong to a religious community.
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