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Labor Rights and International Law

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ILO Convention No. 182 - Worst Forms of Child Labour

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Calls for the prohibition and immediate action for the elimination of the worst forms of child labor, including slavery, trafficking, forced labor, and the use of children in armed conflict.

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International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - Article 8

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Ensures the right to form trade unions, the right of trade unions to function freely, and the right to strike, provided it is exercised in conformity with the laws of the particular country.

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ILO Convention No. 138 - Minimum Age

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Sets the general minimum age for admission to employment or work at 15 years and the minimum age for hazardous work at 18 years, aiming to abolish child labor.

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Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155)

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Provides for the adoption of a national policy on occupational safety, health, and the working environment, aimed to prevent accidents and injury to health arising from work.

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Work in Fishing Convention, 2007 (No. 188)

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Sets out binding requirements relating to work on board fishing vessels, including safety and health at work, medical care at sea and ashore, rest periods, written work agreements, and social security protection.

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ILO Convention No. 111 - Discrimination (Employment and Occupation)

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Requires signatory states to promote equal opportunity and treatment in employment and occupation with a view to eliminating discrimination on various bases including race, color, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction, or social origin.

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Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 23

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Grants everyone the right to work, free choice of employment, just and favorable conditions of work, protection against unemployment, and the right to form and join trade unions.

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Universal Declaration of Human Rights - Article 24

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Declares the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

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ILO Convention No. 87 - Freedom of Association

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This convention protects the right of workers and employers to form and join organizations of their own choosing without prior authorization, and outlines the right to establish and join trade unions for the protection of their interests.

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ILO Convention No. 98 - Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining

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This convention provides protection for workers against anti-union discrimination, ensures the right to collective bargaining, and promotes voluntary negotiation between employers and worker organizations.

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International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - Article 7

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Recognizes the right of everyone to the enjoyment of just and favorable conditions of work, ensuring fair wages, equal remuneration, safe working conditions, and equal opportunity for promotion.

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Employment Policy Convention, 1964 (No. 122)

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Commits member states to an active policy designed to promote full, productive, and freely chosen employment with a view to stimulating economic growth and development.

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ILO Convention No. 100 - Equal Remuneration

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Calls for equal pay for work of equal value without discrimination based on sex. It promotes the principle of equal remuneration for men and women workers.

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Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 97)

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Concerns migration for employment and ensures that migrants for employment are granted equal treatment and conditions of work as the nationals of the state concerned.

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ILO Convention No. 105 - Abolition of Forced Labour

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This convention prohibits the use of any form of forced or compulsory labor as a means of political coercion, discrimination, labor discipline, or economic development.

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