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Key Immigration Terms

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Asylum

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Protection granted by a country to a foreign national who has fled their own country due to fear of persecution based on race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.

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Undocumented Immigrant

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A person living in a country without legal authorization, typically by entering without inspection or overstaying a visa.

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Consular Processing

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The method by which a foreign national applies for a U.S. visa at a U.S. embassy or consulate in their home country.

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TPS

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Temporary Protected Status, a temporary immigration status granted to eligible nationals of certain countries experiencing temporary negative conditions, such as armed conflict or environmental disaster, that make it difficult or unsafe for them to return home.

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Refugee

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A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.

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Visa

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A document or stamp in a passport that permits the holder to enter, leave, or stay for a specified period of time in the issuing country.

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Adjustment of Status

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The process that allows certain immigrants already in the U.S. to apply for lawful permanent resident status without having to return to their home country to complete visa processing.

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I-9 Form

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Employment Eligibility Verification form used in the U.S. to verify the identity and legal authorization to work of all paid employees.

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Green Card

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An identification card indicating the holder's status as a lawful permanent resident of the United States, allowing them to live and work in the country indefinitely.

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Naturalization

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The legal process through which a non-citizen in a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country.

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Deportation

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The formal removal of a foreign national from a country for violation of immigration laws or other criminal offenses.

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DACA

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Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, a U.S. immigration policy that allows some individuals who were brought to the country as children to receive a renewable two-year period of deferred action from deportation and become eligible for a work permit.

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H-1B Visa

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A non-immigrant visa category in the United States that allows U.S. employers to temporarily employ foreign workers in specialty occupations.

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Work Permit

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An official document giving a foreigner permission to take a job in a country.

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Family-Based Immigration

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The process by which U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents bring family members to the United States to live permanently.

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