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1950s-1960s, Pioneered the free jazz movement, challenging traditional harmony and rhythm in composition.

1950s, Instrumental in the development of 'hard bop', synthesizing bebop with blues, gospel, and rhythm and blues.

1920s, Instrumental in the development of jazz, particularly the establishment of solo improvisation.

1960s, A forefront group in the development of modal jazz and was at the cutting edge of jazz during its leader's lifetime.

1970s-1980s, A pioneering jazz fusion band that blended jazz with other styles such as rock, funk, R&B, and world music.

1970s-present, Innovators in the use of a cappella saxophones in jazz, combining elements of free jazz, funk, and avant-garde.

1930s-1980s, Notable for 'Kansas City Swing', a relaxed, blues-derived style of swing playing.

1940s, Played a leading role in the development of bebop, characterized by fast tempos and improvisation.

1930s-1940s, Known as the 'King of Swing', his band was among the first to usher in the swing era and was one of the first racially integrated bands.

1970s, One of the leading groups in the jazz-rock fusion movement, known for its complex rhythms and electronic instrumentation.

1920s-1970s, Pioneered longer, complex compositions in jazz, contributed significantly to the establishment of jazz as a recognized art form.

1950s-1970s, Notable for blending classical music with jazz, pioneering the 'third stream' genre.

1950s-1990s, Known for being a proving ground for young talent, helping to establish the hard bop genre.

1950s-1960s, Popularized the use of unusual time signatures in jazz, had a significant role in the 'cool jazz' movement.