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Classical Music Forms
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Opera
A dramatic work combining text (libretto) and a musical score, with roles sung by vocal soloists and usually accompanied by an orchestra.
Fugue
A contrapuntal composition where a theme is introduced by one voice and successively taken up by others.
Rondo
A musical composition during which the first section recurs several times, interspersed with other sections called episodes.
Concerto
A musical composition typically composed in three movements, where a solo instrument is accompanied by an orchestra.
Oratorio
A large scale musical work for orchestra and voices, typically a narrative on a religious theme, without the use of costumes, scenery, or action.
Sonatina
A short or simplified sonata, typically for piano, with a basic three-movement structure.
String Quartet
A chamber music ensemble consisting of four string players – two violinists, a violist, and a cellist – or a composition written to be performed by such a group.
Ballade
A type of narrative song or poem that typically contains a moral lesson or a heroic tale, often associated with the Romantic era in music.
Suite
A set of instrumental compositions, originally in dance form, to be played in succession.
Symphony
A multi-movement work for orchestra, typically consisting of four contrasting movements.
Sonata
A composition for one or more solo instruments, often consisting of three or four movements with contrasting forms and tempos.
Minuet
A social dance of French origin for two people, usually in 3/4 time.
Lied
A German-texted solo vocal song, generally with piano accompaniment.
Cantata
A vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir.
Scherzo
A vigorous, light, or playful composition, typically comprising a movement in a symphony or a sonata.
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