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A monophonic texture refers to a single, unaccompanied melody line. There is no harmony or counterpoint. Examples include a solo chant or a single instrument playing a melody.

In a heterophonic texture, two or more voices execute different variations of the same melody simultaneously. An example is traditional Middle Eastern or Indian music where a melody is played with slight variations by several performers.

A homophonic texture consists of a primary melody supported by chordal accompaniment. Most modern popular music follows this texture. An example is a singer accompanied by a guitar.

Polyphonic texture involves two or more independent melodies being played at the same time. Counterpoint is a key characteristic. Examples include a fugue by Bach or a round, like 'Row, Row, Row Your Boat'.