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Essential Music Theory Terms

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Moderato

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A tempo marking indicating a moderate pace.

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Legato

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A style of playing notes in a smooth, flowing manner without gaps.

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Presto

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A tempo marking indicating a very fast pace.

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Tie

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A curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch, indicating they should be played as a single note with combined value.

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Tempo Primo

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A musical term indicating a return to the original or first tempo.

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Pianissimo

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A dynamic level meaning very soft.

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Fortepiano

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A dynamic marking indicating a loud note followed immediately by a soft one.

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Diminuendo

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A decrease in loudness or intensity in music, synonymous with decrescendo.

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Largo

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A tempo marking meaning very slow and broad.

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Dal Segno

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A music notation meaning 'from the sign'.

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Lento

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A tempo marking meaning slowly.

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Crescendo

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A gradual increase in loudness in a piece of music.

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Fine

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The end of a piece or a section of a piece of music.

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Allegretto

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A tempo marking that is slightly slower than Allegro.

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Subito

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A musical term indicating an immediate change in dynamic or tempo.

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Sforzando

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A sudden, strong accent on a note or chord.

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Andante

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A tempo marking meaning walking pace or moderately slow.

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Ritardando

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A gradual slowing down of tempo.

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Fortissimo

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A dynamic level meaning very loud.

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Accelerando

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A gradual speeding up of the tempo.

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Vivace

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A tempo marking indicating lively and fast.

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Sostenuto

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A playing technique indicating sustained, lengthened notes or chords.

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Adagio

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A tempo marking indicating slow and stately (literally 'at ease') pace.

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Mezzo Piano

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A dynamic level meaning moderately soft.

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Piu Mosso

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A musical direction meaning more movement or faster.

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Mezzo Forte

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A dynamic level meaning moderately loud.

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Slur

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A curved line connecting notes of different pitches to indicate they should be played legato.

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Molto

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A musical term meaning very or much, used to intensify other terms.

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Allegro

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A tempo marking indicating fast, lively speed.

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Staccato

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A playing style where notes are performed sharply and separated from each other.

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Da Capo

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A musical term meaning 'from the beginning'.

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Fermata

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A symbol indicating that the note should be held longer than its value.

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Tempo Rubato

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A flexible tempo that includes slight speeding up and slowing down, at the discretion of the performer.

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Con Moto

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A tempo marking indicating that the music should be played with motion.

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