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Articulation in Singing
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Flashcards
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Staccato
A form of articulation where notes are performed with a short, detached manner. In singing, staccato requires the vocalist to cut off the sound quickly and separate phrases distinctly.
Marcato
A marking that means notes should be played with emphasis and accentuation. When singing marcato, each note is approached with a firmer attack and is more pronounced.
Sforzando
A sudden and strong emphasis on a note or chord. In singing, sforzando is executed by abruptly increasing the volume and giving a strong accent to the note.
Pizzicato
While typically associated with stringed instruments where notes are plucked, in vocal articulation, it would resemble staccato, where the notes are short and detached.
Legato
A smooth and connected style of singing where notes transition smoothly without any noticeable breaks. Vocalists achieve legato by sustaining airflow and maintaining consistent vocal support.
Portamento
A glide from one pitch to another, smoothly connecting two notes. In singing, portamento is often used as an expressive technique to transition between notes without an abrupt change in pitch.
Glissando
A continuous slide upwards or downwards between two notes. In singing, glissando is performed by sliding the voice smoothly between pitches, often used to add expressiveness.
Fermata
A symbol above a note indicating it should be sustained longer than its written value. In singing, fermata allows the vocalist to extend the note and the expressiveness as desired, usually within the context of the conducted ensemble.
Vibrato
A technique involving a slight and rapid variation in pitch used to enhance the emotion and warmth of a note. In singing, vibrato is achieved by oscillating the pitch of the note naturally using good breath control and vocal techniques.
Accento
A musical directive to play a note with a strong attack followed by a quick release. Singers apply accenting by emphasizing the onset of the note with more vocal energy and often with a higher dynamic level.
Accent
Stressing a specific note by playing it louder, with more force or emphasis. When singing, the accent is placed by giving a note more vocal energy and often a sharper attack.
Tenuto
Indicates holding a note for its full length or slightly longer. In singing, tenuto may involve a slight increase in dynamic emphasis to highlight a note's importance, without interrupting the line's legato flow.
Trill
A rapid alternation between two adjacent notes. In vocal music, a trill is achieved by quickly moving the voice back and forth between the two notes, and it requires substantial vocal agility.
Rubato
A flexible approach to rhythm that involves expressive and rhythmic freedom by slightly speeding up and then slowing down the tempo. When singing with rubato, a vocalist will stretch certain phrases for expressive purposes while maintaining the overall structure.
Appoggiatura
An ornamental note that clashes with the harmony and is usually resolved by stepping to a chord tone. In singing, an appoggiatura is sung before the principal note, creating a dissonance that resolves to consonance.
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