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A rapid alternation between two adjacent notes, usually a semitone or tone apart.

A single rapid alternation between a note and the note immediately below or above.

A grace note placed before the main note and typically emphasized more than the principal note.

A very short grace note that is sounded simultaneously with the principal note or just before it, and is immediately released.

A sequence of four notes revolving around a principal note; this includes the note above, the note itself, the note below, and then the principal note again.

A smooth glide from one pitch to another, implying a vocal or instrumental connection between the notes.

A symbol placed over a note or a rest indicating that it should be held longer than its natural duration.

A slight fluctuation in pitch used to enhance or intensify a sound.

A continuous slide upward or downward between two notes.

Notes played in a detached and separated manner.

Smooth and connected notes where each note is played or sung for its full duration and connected to the next note without a break.

Another term for 'turn', where a sequence of notes is played around a central note in a specific pattern.

A gradual slowing down of the tempo.

A sudden and forceful emphasis on a note or chord.

A melodic or harmonic configuration that creates a sense of resolution [finality or pause].

A vocal register that occupies a frequency range above the modal voice register and overlaps with the lower part of the whistle register.

Expressive and rhythmic freedom by slightly speeding up and then slowing down the tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist or the conductor.

Elaborate ornamentation of a melody, often involving fast scales, trills, leaps, and other vocal embellishments.

An ornamental passage near the end of a concerto movement or aria, usually improvised by the soloist during the performance.