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Elaborate ornamentation of a melody, often involving fast scales, trills, leaps, and other vocal embellishments.

A grace note placed before the main note and typically emphasized more than the principal note.

Smooth and connected notes where each note is played or sung for its full duration and connected to the next note without a break.

A sudden and forceful emphasis on a note or chord.

Expressive and rhythmic freedom by slightly speeding up and then slowing down the tempo of a piece at the discretion of the soloist or the conductor.

A gradual slowing down of the tempo.

A symbol placed over a note or a rest indicating that it should be held longer than its natural duration.

Notes played in a detached and separated manner.

A very short grace note that is sounded simultaneously with the principal note or just before it, and is immediately released.

A continuous slide upward or downward between two notes.

A rapid alternation between two adjacent notes, usually a semitone or tone apart.

Another term for 'turn', where a sequence of notes is played around a central note in a specific pattern.

A melodic or harmonic configuration that creates a sense of resolution [finality or pause].

A vocal register that occupies a frequency range above the modal voice register and overlaps with the lower part of the whistle register.

A symbol in the music notating where the singer should take a breath.

A single rapid alternation between a note and the note immediately below or above.

A slight fluctuation in pitch used to enhance or intensify a sound.

A smooth glide from one pitch to another, implying a vocal or instrumental connection between the notes.

An ornamental passage near the end of a concerto movement or aria, usually improvised by the soloist during the performance.