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Voice Types in Opera

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Countertenor

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A male voice that sings in the falsetto register. Roles include Orfeo (Orfeo ed Euridice), Oberon (A Midsummer Night's Dream), and Julius Caesar (Giulio Cesare).

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Soprano

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The highest female voice type, often playing the heroine or young woman. Roles include Violetta (La Traviata), The Queen of the Night (Die Zauberflöte), and Norma (Norma).

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Baritone

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A male voice type with a range between tenor and bass, often playing complex characters like Figaro (Il Barbiere di Siviglia), Rigoletto (Rigoletto), and Scarpia (Tosca).

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Bass-Baritone

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A male voice that shares qualities of both baritones and basses, performing roles like Wotan (Die Walküre), the Dutchman (Der fliegende Holländer), and Mephistopheles (Faust).

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Mezzo-Soprano

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A female voice type with a range that lies between soprano and contralto. Typical roles are Carmen (Carmen), Rosina (Il Barbiere di Siviglia), and Charlotte (Werther).

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Tenor

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The highest natural male voice type, often playing the hero or romantic lead. Iconic roles are Rodolfo (La Bohème), Calaf (Turandot), and Don José (Carmen).

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Contralto

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The lowest female voice type, often assigned to older, maternal, or exotic characters. Examples include Erda (Das Rheingold), Azucena (Il Trovatore), and the Witch (Hansel and Gretel).

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Coloratura Soprano

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A very agile soprano voice that specializes in rapid passages and ornamentation. Key roles are Lucia (Lucia di Lammermoor), Zerbinetta (Ariadne auf Naxos), and Gilda (Rigoletto).

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Bass

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The lowest male voice type, often playing older, authoritative, or villainous characters. Renowned roles include Sarastro (Die Zauberflöte), Osmin (Die Entführung aus dem Serail), and King Philip II (Don Carlo).

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Heldentenor

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A powerful, robust tenor voice type associated with heroic roles in German opera. Distinguished parts include Siegfried (Siegfried), Tristan (Tristan und Isolde), and Tannhäuser (Tannhäuser).

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