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Introduction to Playwriting - Basic Terms

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Dialogue

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The written conversation between two or more characters.

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Stage Directions

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Instructions in the script that tell actors how to move or speak their lines.

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Plot

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The sequence of events that make up a story in a play.

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Monologue

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A long speech by one character to other characters or to the audience.

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Antagonist

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The character who opposes the protagonist, creating conflict.

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Subplot

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A secondary story line that runs parallel to the main plot and enriches it.

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Setting

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The time and place where a play's action occurs.

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Character

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A personage in a play whose actions and dialogue contribute to the story.

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Climax

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The most intense or important point of the plot, where the main conflict reaches a peak.

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Conflict

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A struggle between opposing forces that drives the plot.

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Protagonist

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The main character of a play, often considered the hero or the central figure.

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Scene

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A division of an act in a play during which the action takes place in a specific setting without a break in time.

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Theme

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The central idea or message that a play seeks to convey.

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Exposition

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The part of a play that introduces the main characters, setting, and basic situation.

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Foreshadowing

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A literary device where the writer gives an advance hint of what is to come later in the story.

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Act

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A major division within a play, similar to a chapter in a book.

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Dramatic Irony

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A situation in which the audience knows more about the circumstances or future events in a story than the characters within it.

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Aside

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A short remark by a character towards the audience that other characters on stage are not supposed to hear.

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Denouement

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The final part of the play, where the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved.

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Resolution

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The portion of a play where the conflict comes to an end and loose ends are tied up.

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