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Weave in subplots to explore secondary themes or character development. They should complement the main plot and eventually converge with it to enrich the overall story.

A red herring is a misleading or distracting piece of information that leads characters or the audience to false conclusions. Use it to add complexity to the plot, but resolve it in a way that is satisfying to the audience.

Use foreshadowing to hint at future events in your play, which creates anticipation and suspense. It should be subtle, integrate seamlessly with the dialogue or action, and not reveal too much too soon.

Incorporate flashbacks to provide background information about characters or events that help explain current motivations and conflicts. Ensure that flashbacks are easy to follow and directly relevant to the plot.

This technique involves dramatically changing a character's circumstances which affects their goals or outcomes. Use it to create pivotal moments that significantly alter the direction of the plot.

Start in the midst of the action without providing all the background information. Slowly reveal the context as the story moves forward, which keeps the audience engaged and creates mystery.

Parallel plotting involves telling two stories simultaneously, often with thematic links or eventual convergence. It can highlight contrasts and comparisons in a thematic or narrative context.

Deus Ex Machina refers to an unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation. Avoid using this unless it's satirical or purposefully plays with plot expectations, as it can be unsatisfying for the audience.

Introduce elements early on that seem insignificant, but are imperative to the plot later. This creates a cohesive and tight narrative where all parts are necessary.