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Price Discrimination is the strategy of selling the same product at different prices to different groups of consumers, based on their willingness to pay. This can influence revenue maximization strategies and market segmentation tactics.

SWOT Analysis is a strategic planning technique used to identify Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats related to business competition or project planning. It influences decision-making by highlighting areas for improvement and potential risks.

Diversification is a risk management strategy that mixes a wide variety of investments within a portfolio. It is utilized by businesses to help broaden their product ranges and markets to minimize risks associated with market volatility.

Break-even Analysis determines the point at which cost or expenses and revenue are equal: there is no net loss or gain, and one has 'broken even'. It is essential for understanding the minimum performance required for a business to be profitable.

Cost Leadership is a strategy that companies use to achieve a competitive advantage by creating a low-cost-position among its competitors. This strategy influences a firm's pricing tactics, cost management, and profit margins.

Economies of Scale refer to the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to size, output, or scale of operation, with cost per unit of output generally decreasing with increasing scale. This concept affects decisions regarding expansion and production volume.

Opportunity Cost represents the benefits an individual, investor, or business misses out on when choosing one alternative over another. It's crucial for making informed economic choices by considering what is foregone when making a decision.

Competitive Advantage is a condition that enables a company to operate in a more efficient or otherwise higher-quality manner than the companies it competes with. It influences long-term business strategies and positioning within the market.

CSR is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. It influences strategic decisions by encouraging companies to engage in activities that have a positive impact on the environment, consumers, and employees.

Porter's Five Forces is a model that identifies and analyzes five competitive forces that shape every industry and helps determine an industry's weaknesses and strengths. It crucially influences strategic planning by identifying the profitability of a market or market segment.

ROI is a performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency or profitability of an investment or compare the efficiency of a number of different investments. It guides businesses in their investment decisions and portfolio management.

Value Chain Analysis is a process where a firm identifies its primary and support activities that add value to its final product and analyzes these activities to reduce costs or increase differentiation. This concept influences operational efficiency and competitive strategies.

Triple Bottom Line is an accounting framework that incorporates three dimensions of performance: social, environmental, and financial. This holistic approach influences corporate strategies by prioritizing sustainability and corporate ethics.

In finance, Leverage is the use of various financial instruments or borrowed capital—such as margin—to increase the potential return of an investment. It influences decisions on capital structure and risk management.

TQM is a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction, with all members of an organization participating in improving processes, products, services, and the culture in which they work. It impacts strategic planning with a focus on quality in all facets of the business.

Vertical Integration is a strategy whereby a company expands its business operations into different steps on the same production path, such as when a manufacturer owns its supplier and/or distributor. It affects strategies related to supply chain control and cost reduction.

First-mover Advantage is the competitive advantage gained by the initial ('first-moving') significant occupant of a market segment. It influences strategic timings of product launches and market entry.

Core Competencies are the unique strengths and abilities that a company acquires from its founders, develops, and cannot be easily imitated. They define a company's competitive advantage in the market and guide strategic focus on maintaining and exploiting these strengths.

Bounded Rationality is a concept that decision-makers are limited by the information they have, the cognitive limitations of their minds, and the finite amount of time they have to make a decision. It acknowledges the limitations of decision-making processes in strategic planning.

Marginal Cost is the change in total cost that arises when the quantity produced changes by one unit. It influences business decisions by determining the optimal level of production to maximize profit.

The Elasticity of Demand measures how quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in price. It influences how businesses set prices and strategies, especially in competitive markets.

Market Segmentation is the process of dividing a broad consumer or business market into sub-groups of consumers based on some type of shared characteristics. This strategic concept allows firms to target different segments with specific marketing campaigns.

Horizontal Integration is a strategy where a company acquires, merges with or takes over another company in the same industry that operates at the same level of the value chain. It influences decisions regarding market consolidation and competition reduction.

Game Theory is the study of mathematical models of strategic interaction among rational decision-makers. It heavily influences economic and business strategies by predicting the actions and reactions of competitors and partners.