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Understanding Paralympic Classifications
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Swimming S6
This classification is for swimmers with moderate disability in both arms or no limbs, or severe disability in one arm and moderate leg disabilities.
Athletics T11
Athletes in this classification are considered to be totally blind and rely on a guide to compete in running events.
Athletics T13
Athletes have visual impairment, but a higher level of vision than T11/T12 athletes. They usually compete without a guide.
Athletics T54
Athletes in this classification have normal function in their upper bodies and compete in wheelchair racing. They demonstrate high levels of power and endurance.
Sitting Volleyball (Women)
Female players are classified similarly to men but are allowed one more minimally disabled player per team, and these players have the same front-row restriction.
Cycling C5
This classification is for cyclists who have the least physical impairment; they may have a minor limb dysfunction or a slight difference in limb length.
Swimming S3
Swimmers in this classification have severe disabilities in their upper limbs and trunk. They may have amputations or some leg function.
Wheelchair Basketball 2.0
These players have a bit more trunk control and can move more effectively on the court compared to the 1.0 classified athletes.
Swimming S7
Athletes have one leg and one arm amputation on opposite sides, or a full leg amputation. They maintain balance and have good power from their remaining limbs.
Swimming S10
Competitors have a very minor physical disability that impacts their swimming such as a slight coordination issue with one limb, or a partial hand or foot amputation.
Wheelchair Basketball 1.0
Players with the most severe impairments; have limited trunk control and their ability to pivot and rebound is significantly reduced.
Athletics T52
This class includes athletes with good shoulder muscle control and a fair range of movements in the upper body. They compete in wheelchair racing.
Wheelchair Basketball 3.0
Athletes in this category have moderate impairment with the ability to move quickly and have some trunk rotation.
Swimming S9
This class includes athletes with an amputation of one limb or severe restrictions in the movement of one side of the body. They have minimal impairment.
Athletics T35
Competitors in this class have coordination impairments (hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis) that affect their ability to run, and they compete in standing positions.
Athletics T42
This classification is for athletes with an above-knee amputation or who have a comparable disability, running with prosthesis.
Cycling C2
C2 classified riders have significant impairment affecting both upper and lower limbs but can use standard bicycles with modifications.
Swimming S1
This classification is for swimmers with significant loss of muscle power or control. They have minimal movement in legs and torso and no use of their hands, or severe coordination problems in all limbs.
Swimming S4
Athletes have reasonable arm strokes but severe disability in their trunk and legs, or have severe limb shortening of all four limbs.
Athletics T20
This category includes athletes with intellectual impairments which affect their ability to compete in elite levels of athletics without classification.
Swimming S8
Swimmers with an arm amputation or significant restrictions in joint movement. They have good core and leg function.
Wheelchair Basketball 4.0
Players in this class have minimal impairment, are nearly able-bodied, and generally serve as the main shooters on the team.
Athletics T51
Competitors who have restricted movement in their upper body and a lack of shoulder muscle control, competing in wheelchair racing.
Athletics T12
These athletes have a very limited visual field or acuity. They may choose to run with a guide.
Cycling C4
C4 cyclists may have a disability like limb amputation but retain good balance and upper body strength, allowing them to cycle effectively.
Swimming S2
Athletes in this class have severe limitations in the upper and lower limbs. They generally rely on their arms to propel themselves, as their hands have minimal function.
Swimming S5
Swimmers have moderate disability in the trunk and legs, or a high degree of disability in one limb, or a low degree across all four limbs.
Athletics T44
Athletes who are single below knee amputees and can use prosthetics to run, or have some other disability that has a similar impact on running.
Cycling C3
Athletes with lesser impairment than the C1 or C2 classes, including some limitations in lower limb function or minor hemiplegia.
Cycling C1
Cyclists with C1 classification have the most severe impairments, such as severe limb shortness or major joint restrictions, impacting their cycling.
Sitting Volleyball (Men)
Male athletes are classified as either disabled or minimally disabled, with the latter limited to two per team and may not be within the front row when the ball is in play.
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