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Economics of Sports Betting
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Accumulator
A bet that involves more than one selection, with the winnings from each selection going onto the next selection. All selections must win for a return. Example: Betting on multiple football games and needing all of them to win for the accumulator bet to payout.
Bankroll
The total amount of money a bettor is prepared to risk or invest in their betting activities. Example: A bettor might decide they have a bankroll of
Closing Line
The final betting line before the sportsbook stops taking wagers on an event. Example: In an NBA game, the closing line might have the Lakers at -5.5 points just before tip-off.
Edge
The advantage a bettor has before placing a wager, typically arising from a perceived discrepancy between the true odds and the odds offered by the bookmaker. Example: A bettor may have an edge if they believe the chance of a team winning is greater than the implied probability of the bookmaker's odds.
Futures
Bets placed on events that will happen in the future, often weeks or months in advance. Example: Betting on a team to win the Super Bowl at the start of the NFL season.
Handle
The total amount of money wagered on a sports event by all bettors. Example: If
Hedging
Placing a bet on the opposite outcome to an earlier wager, usually to minimize losses or guarantee a profit regardless of the result. Example: Betting on Team A to win a tournament and then betting on Team B in the finals to ensure some level of profit.
Juice
The commission that bookmakers build into the odds, ensuring profit regardless of the event outcome. Example: In point spread betting, both sides might be at -110 instead of even money, the extra
Moneyline
A bet on which team or player will win a game outright, without any point spread. Example: Betting on the Yankees to win a baseball game with moneyline odds of +130.
Over/Under
A bet on whether the total points, goals, or runs in a game will be over or under a sportsbook's specified amount. Example: Betting the over on a football game with a set line of 47.5 total points.
Point Spread
A type of wager where the sportsbook sets a margin of victory, and the favorite must win by more than that margin. Example: Betting on a team at -7.5 means they need to win by at least 8 points.
Prop Bet
A wager on a specific occurrence or non-occurrence within a sports event, unrelated to the final outcome. Example: Betting on a basketball player to have over 5.5 assists in a game.
Public Money
The amount of money wagered by the general public on a sports event, rather than sharp bettors or betting syndicates. Example: A large percentage of casual bets placed on the underdog in a high-profile boxing match.
Sharp Money
Bets placed by professional bettors or betting syndicates who are considered well-informed or adept at predicting outcomes. Example: Significant amounts of money placed on a lesser-known tennis player might suggest sharp money is behind the bets.
Stake
The amount of money a bettor risks on a single bet. Example: Placing a 180, including the return of the original stake.
Teaser
A type of parlay bet where the bettor can adjust the point spreads for the selected games, typically by 6, 6.5, or 7 points, but at reduced odds. Example: A bettor combines two bets and adds 6 points to the spread in their favor for each game.
Underdog
The team or player deemed less likely to win an event by the bookmaker. Example: If a football team has odds of +250, they are considered the underdog against their opponent.
Vigorish
Refers to the built-in commission that sportsbooks charge to ensure they make a profit on bets. Example: If a poker pot has a 5% rake, that's similar to the vigorish taken in sports betting.
Yield
Percentage of profit from the total amount wagered by a bettor, indicating their betting efficiency. Example: A bettor with a yield of 5% gains 100 staked over the long term.
In-Play Betting
Betting on events that are already underway, with odds changing dynamically based on the current score and situation. Example: Placing a bet on a team to win after they've conceded the first goal.
Lay Betting
Acting like the bookmaker, where you bet on an outcome not to happen, rather than to happen. Example: Laying a horse implies you bet on it not to win the race.
Long Shot
A bet with very high odds and a low probability of winning, but if successful, offers a large payout. Example: Betting on a rank outsider in a horse race at odds of 80/1.
Martingale System
A betting strategy that involves doubling the stake after every loss, with the intention of recouping losses and winning a profit equal to the original stake. Example: Betting 100, then
Odds
A numerical expression that represents the likelihood of an event occurring, which in turn reflects the potential payout. Example: -150 odds mean a bettor must wager 100, while +150 odds mean a 150 if successful.
Punter
British term for someone who places a bet, typically in horse racing or sports. Example: A punter may bet
ROI
Return on Investment; measures the amount of return on a bet relative to the bet's cost. Example: An ROI of 20% indicates for every 20.
Scalping
A strategy of exploiting small differences in odds offered by different bookmakers by betting on all possible outcomes and guaranteeing a small profit. Example: Placing one bet on a team to win with one bookmaker and another bet on that same team to lose or draw with another bookmaker.
Value Bet
A bet where the odds offered are greater than the probability of the event occurring, offering 'value' to the bettor. Example: A tennis player has true odds of 2/1 to win a match, but the bookmaker is offering 3/1.
Wagering Requirements
Conditions placed on a bet or bonus that must be met before withdrawal of winnings. Example: A betting bonus with a 5x wagering requirement means you must bet the bonus amount five times before cashing out.
Whale
A bettor who consistently wagers large amounts of money. Example: A 'whale' might place
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