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Economics of Sports Betting
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Edge
The advantage a bettor has before placing a wager, typically arising from a perceived discrepancy between the true odds and the odds offered by the bookmaker. Example: A bettor may have an edge if they believe the chance of a team winning is greater than the implied probability of the bookmaker's odds.
Futures
Bets placed on events that will happen in the future, often weeks or months in advance. Example: Betting on a team to win the Super Bowl at the start of the NFL season.
Accumulator
A bet that involves more than one selection, with the winnings from each selection going onto the next selection. All selections must win for a return. Example: Betting on multiple football games and needing all of them to win for the accumulator bet to payout.
Bankroll
The total amount of money a bettor is prepared to risk or invest in their betting activities. Example: A bettor might decide they have a bankroll of
Handle
The total amount of money wagered on a sports event by all bettors. Example: If
Hedging
Placing a bet on the opposite outcome to an earlier wager, usually to minimize losses or guarantee a profit regardless of the result. Example: Betting on Team A to win a tournament and then betting on Team B in the finals to ensure some level of profit.
Closing Line
The final betting line before the sportsbook stops taking wagers on an event. Example: In an NBA game, the closing line might have the Lakers at -5.5 points just before tip-off.
Wagering Requirements
Conditions placed on a bet or bonus that must be met before withdrawal of winnings. Example: A betting bonus with a 5x wagering requirement means you must bet the bonus amount five times before cashing out.
Prop Bet
A wager on a specific occurrence or non-occurrence within a sports event, unrelated to the final outcome. Example: Betting on a basketball player to have over 5.5 assists in a game.
Over/Under
A bet on whether the total points, goals, or runs in a game will be over or under a sportsbook's specified amount. Example: Betting the over on a football game with a set line of 47.5 total points.
Point Spread
A type of wager where the sportsbook sets a margin of victory, and the favorite must win by more than that margin. Example: Betting on a team at -7.5 means they need to win by at least 8 points.
Teaser
A type of parlay bet where the bettor can adjust the point spreads for the selected games, typically by 6, 6.5, or 7 points, but at reduced odds. Example: A bettor combines two bets and adds 6 points to the spread in their favor for each game.
Stake
The amount of money a bettor risks on a single bet. Example: Placing a 180, including the return of the original stake.
Vigorish
Refers to the built-in commission that sportsbooks charge to ensure they make a profit on bets. Example: If a poker pot has a 5% rake, that's similar to the vigorish taken in sports betting.
Moneyline
A bet on which team or player will win a game outright, without any point spread. Example: Betting on the Yankees to win a baseball game with moneyline odds of +130.
Scalping
A strategy of exploiting small differences in odds offered by different bookmakers by betting on all possible outcomes and guaranteeing a small profit. Example: Placing one bet on a team to win with one bookmaker and another bet on that same team to lose or draw with another bookmaker.
Underdog
The team or player deemed less likely to win an event by the bookmaker. Example: If a football team has odds of +250, they are considered the underdog against their opponent.
Yield
Percentage of profit from the total amount wagered by a bettor, indicating their betting efficiency. Example: A bettor with a yield of 5% gains 100 staked over the long term.
Long Shot
A bet with very high odds and a low probability of winning, but if successful, offers a large payout. Example: Betting on a rank outsider in a horse race at odds of 80/1.
Value Bet
A bet where the odds offered are greater than the probability of the event occurring, offering 'value' to the bettor. Example: A tennis player has true odds of 2/1 to win a match, but the bookmaker is offering 3/1.
Martingale System
A betting strategy that involves doubling the stake after every loss, with the intention of recouping losses and winning a profit equal to the original stake. Example: Betting 100, then
In-Play Betting
Betting on events that are already underway, with odds changing dynamically based on the current score and situation. Example: Placing a bet on a team to win after they've conceded the first goal.
Odds
A numerical expression that represents the likelihood of an event occurring, which in turn reflects the potential payout. Example: -150 odds mean a bettor must wager 100, while +150 odds mean a 150 if successful.
ROI
Return on Investment; measures the amount of return on a bet relative to the bet's cost. Example: An ROI of 20% indicates for every 20.
Punter
British term for someone who places a bet, typically in horse racing or sports. Example: A punter may bet
Juice
The commission that bookmakers build into the odds, ensuring profit regardless of the event outcome. Example: In point spread betting, both sides might be at -110 instead of even money, the extra
Public Money
The amount of money wagered by the general public on a sports event, rather than sharp bettors or betting syndicates. Example: A large percentage of casual bets placed on the underdog in a high-profile boxing match.
Sharp Money
Bets placed by professional bettors or betting syndicates who are considered well-informed or adept at predicting outcomes. Example: Significant amounts of money placed on a lesser-known tennis player might suggest sharp money is behind the bets.
Whale
A bettor who consistently wagers large amounts of money. Example: A 'whale' might place
Lay Betting
Acting like the bookmaker, where you bet on an outcome not to happen, rather than to happen. Example: Laying a horse implies you bet on it not to win the race.
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