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Hydrological Disasters

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Droughts

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Result from prolonged periods of below-average precipitation causing water shortages. Prevention strategies include water conservation, drought-tolerant crop cultivation, and sustainable water management practices.

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River Erosion

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Caused by natural river processes or human activity leading to loss of riverbanks. Prevention can be done through riverbank reinforcement, regulated land use near riverbanks, and maintaining vegetation cover.

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Avalanches

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Occur due to the unstable snowpack on slopes, often triggered by rapid warming or heavy snowfall. Preventive measures consist of controlled explosions to manage snowpack, constructing avalanche barriers, and issuing public warnings.

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Tsunamis

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Caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. Preventive measures involve establishing tsunami warning systems, coastal forestation, and community education on evacuation plans.

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Floods

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Caused by excessive rainfall, river overflow, or dam breakage. Preventive measures include constructing levees, implementing proper drainage, and developing flood forecasting systems.

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Landslides

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Triggered by heavy rainfall, earthquakes, or human activities like deforestation. Measures to prevent landslides include slope stabilization, controlling land use, and maintaining drainage systems.

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Storm Surges

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Caused by severe atmospheric pressure changes and high winds during tropical cyclones. Prevention includes coastal zone management, storm surge barriers, and reinforcing coastal infrastructure.

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