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Major Hormones in the Human Body
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Promotes water retention in kidneys; secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones; secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
Ghrelin
Stimulates appetite and food intake; secreted by the stomach
Thyroxine (T4)
Regulates metabolism; secreted by the thyroid gland
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Stimulates production of cortisol by the adrenal glands; secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
Oxytocin
Stimulates contractions during childbirth and milk ejection in lactation; secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
Growth Hormone (GH)
Stimulates body growth and cell reproduction; secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
Aldosterone
Regulates sodium and potassium balance; secreted by the adrenal cortex
Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline)
Increases blood pressure by constricting blood vessels; secreted by the adrenal medulla
Glucagon
Raises blood glucose levels; secreted by the pancreas
Cortisol
Increases blood sugar through gluconeogenesis; secreted by the adrenal glands
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Increases blood calcium levels; secreted by the parathyroid glands
Insulin
Lowers blood glucose levels; secreted by the pancreas
Testosterone
Controls development of male sex characteristics; secreted by the testes
Estrogen
Regulates female reproductive system; secreted by the ovaries
Progesterone
Prepares the body for pregnancy; secreted by the ovaries
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Increases heart rate and blood pressure during stress; secreted by the adrenal medulla
Leptin
Regulates energy balance and suppresses appetite; secreted by fat cells
Melatonin
Regulates sleep-wake cycles; secreted by the pineal gland
Prolactin
Stimulates milk production; secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
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