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Quantum Measurement Problem

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Eigenstates and Eigenvalues

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The possible states of a quantum system associated with distinct observed values, causing issues with understanding how probabilities of outcomes change upon measurement.

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Observer Effect

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The concept that the act of observing a quantum system can alter its state, leading to questions about the role of the observer in quantum mechanics.

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Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

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The limit on the precision with which pairs of physical properties, like position and momentum, can be known simultaneously, leading to intrinsic uncertainties in quantum measurements.

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Measurement Problem

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The paradox of how quantum probability turns into classical certainty at measurement, questioning the nature of reality and whether it's determined or probabilistic.

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Many-Worlds Interpretation

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This interpretation avoids wavefunction collapse by postulating that all possible outcomes of quantum measurements are physically realized in a multiverse of branching universes, challenging the uniqueness of our experience.

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Quantum Zeno Effect

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The phenomenon where frequent observations of a quantum system can prevent it from evolving, contributing to the mystery of how evolution and observation intersect in quantum mechanics.

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Wavefunction Collapse

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The process by which a quantum system's wavefunction becomes a single eigenstate due to a measurement, presenting an issue of when and how this collapse occurs.

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Superposition

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The principle that quantum systems can exist in multiple states at once until measured, challenging the classical idea of a definitive state before measurement.

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Decoherence

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The loss of quantum coherence in systems as they interact with their environment, raising the issue of how classical reality emerges from quantum mechanics.

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Von Neumann–Wigner Interpretation

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A consciousness-based interpretation suggesting that a conscious observer's mind causes the collapse, creating a controversial link between mind and matter.

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