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Agricultural Policy Milestones
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Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act
Year Enacted: 1936 Key Provisions: Allowed the government to pay farmers to reduce production so as to conserve soil and prevent erosion.
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018
Year Enacted: 2018 Key Provisions: Also known as the '2018 Farm Bill', it provided funding for farm, nutrition, and conservation programs and legalized the production of industrial hemp.
Rural Electrification Act
Year Enacted: 1936 Key Provisions: Provides federal loans for the installation of electrical distribution systems to serve rural areas of the United States.
Food Security Act (Farm Bill)
Year Enacted: 1985 Key Provisions: Reduced crop price supports and established the Conservation Reserve Program.
Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act
Year Enacted: 1996 Key Provisions: Known as the 'Freedom to Farm' Act, aimed at phasing out agricultural subsidies and moving towards a market-oriented policy.
Agriculture Risk Protection Act
Year Enacted: 2000 Key Provisions: Aimed to improve risk management in the agriculture sector through reforms in crop insurance and providing aid for agricultural disasters.
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Year Enacted: 1933 Key Provisions: Reduced agricultural production by paying farmers subsidies not to plant part of their land and to kill off excess livestock.
Food and Agriculture Act
Year Enacted: 1977 Key Provisions: Included changes to increase food stamp program accessibility, incentivize production of specific commodities, and strengthen rural development.
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act
Year Enacted: 1990 Key Provisions: Known as the '1990 Farm Bill', it expanded support for conservation, created organic food production standards, and authorized nutrition programs.
Renewable Fuel Standard Program
Year Enacted: 2005 Key Provisions: Established by the Energy Policy Act and expanded by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, mandates the use of renewable fuels in transportation fuels.
National School Lunch Act
Year Enacted: 1946 Key Provisions: Provides nutritionally balanced, low-cost or free lunches to qualified children in schools across the United States.
Morrill Land-Grant Acts
Year Enacted: 1862 & 1890 Key Provisions: Provided grants of land to states to finance the establishment of colleges specializing in agriculture and the mechanic arts.
Food Quality Protection Act
Year Enacted: 1996 Key Provisions: Amended previous pesticide laws to include a safety standard known as a 'reasonable certainty of no harm' and special protection for infants and children.
Agricultural Marketing Act
Year Enacted: 1929 Key Provisions: Established the Federal Farm Board with a revolving fund to stabilize prices and to promote the sale of agricultural products.
Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act
Year Enacted: 1930 Key Provisions: Protects suppliers of perishable agricultural commodities by establishing a code of fair business practices and a forum for dispute resolution.
Homestead Act
Year Enacted: 1862 Key Provisions: Granted 160 acres of public land to settlers after five years of continuous residence.
Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act
Year Enacted: 1948 Key Provisions: Created the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC), which aids in supporting agricultural prices and farm income.
Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act
Year Enacted: 1954 Key Provisions: Also known as Public Law 480, it promotes foreign trade in agricultural products and provides food aid to foreign countries.
Smith-Lever Act
Year Enacted: 1914 Key Provisions: Established a system of cooperative extension services connected to the land-grant universities, to provide practical agricultural education to the public.
Farm Security and Rural Investment Act
Year Enacted: 2002 Key Provisions: Provided support to farmers through commodity programs, conservation programs, and rural development.
Agricultural Act of 2014
Year Enacted: 2014 Key Provisions: Eliminated direct payment subsidies, expanded crop insurance, and continued SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program).
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act
Year Enacted: 1972 Key Provisions: Provides financing for the development of rural communities, including funding for agriculture, rural businesses, and infrastructure.
Food, Conservation, and Energy Act
Year Enacted: 2008 Key Provisions: Expanded the food stamp program, increased funding for the Conservation Reserve Program, and funded energy programs from agricultural sources.
Agriculture and Food Act
Year Enacted: 1981 Key Provisions: Included payment-in-kind programs, modified price support mechanisms, and introduced conservation measures.
Capper-Volstead Act
Year Enacted: 1922 Key Provisions: Gave agriculture producers the right to organize into associations or cooperatives for marketing purposes without being subject to antitrust laws.
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