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Food Processing and Economics

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Pasteurization

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Increased shelf life reduces wastage costs, but initial equipment can be expensive.

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Microwave Processing

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Quick processing time lowers labor costs but requires significant energy use and specialized equipment.

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Smoking

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Smoke houses and wood costs must be considered, while product gains flavor, longevity, and can demand premium prices.

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Irradiation

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Initial investment in equipment and regulatory compliance is high, but extends shelf life and reduces health risks.

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Canning

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Metal cans and processing increases packaging costs, but allows for longer storage and wider distribution.

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Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)

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Requires specialized packaging materials and gases, but increases shelf life and product appeal.

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Freeze-drying

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High energy costs for freezing and vacuum, but products have high value due to long shelf life and retained quality.

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Fermentation

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Low-cost processing that adds value and uniqueness, yet requires precise control and monitoring.

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Drying/Dehydration

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Energy costs for drying are significant, yet results in lightweight products with decreased transportation costs.

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Vacuum Packaging

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Equipment and material costs are high, but it results in longer shelf life and less spoilage.

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Extrusion

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High-capacity machinery increases throughput with potentially high profit, but initial setup and maintenance costs are substantial.

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High Pressure Processing (HPP)

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Equipment is costly, but the method extends shelf life without preservatives, appealing to health-conscious consumers.

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Cold Storage

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Ongoing energy costs are a factor but can preserve quality and extend market timing for fresh products.

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Membrane Separation

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High cost for membrane technology, but efficient for concentrating and purifying products, leading to better product quality.

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Filtration

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Filter systems can be expensive, yet they improve product purity and can reduce long-term operational costs.

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Ultraviolet (UV) Treatment

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Moderate equipment costs for effective sterilization, but operational costs can be offset by longer shelf life of products.

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Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF)

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Innovative technology with high initial costs, but offers minimal thermal damage and high-quality products.

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Sous-vide

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Requires special equipment and packaging, but provides high-quality, consistent results and reduced labor.

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Enzymatic Browning Inhibition

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Costs for anti-browning agents and treatments can be offset by the perceived increase in freshness and shelf life of produce.

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Fortification

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Adding nutrients increases product value, but incurs costs for quality control and ingredient sourcing.

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