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Aquaculture Species
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Hipposcampus comes (Seahorse)
Cultivation: Maintain in small aquariums with stable water conditions; require live food. Market Benefit: High value for traditional medicine, curiosity and aquarium trade, conservation aquaculture also significant.
Penaeus monodon (Giant Tiger Prawn)
Cultivation: Grows in warm water (28–33°C), often in earthen ponds; requires good water quality management. Market Benefit: High export value, sought-after for its size and taste in international cuisine.
Megalobrama amblycephala (Wuchang Bream)
Cultivation: Freshwater species, benefits from polyculture with species like carp; optimal growth at 20–30°C. Market Benefit: Important in Chinese aquaculture, known for its flavor and nutritional value.
Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)
Cultivation: Adaptable to varying conditions, optimal growth at 28–30°C; farmed in fresh or brackish water ponds and cages. Market Benefit: Low production costs, rapidly gaining popularity due to its mild flavor and easy preparation.
Salmo salar (Atlantic Salmon)
Cultivation: Freshwater hatcheries for juvenile stages, seawater cages for adult growth. Optimal water temperature 5–15°C. Market Benefit: High market demand, valuable for its rich omega-3 content and versatility in cooking.
Cyprinus carpio (Common Carp)
Cultivation: Tolerant to a wide range of temperatures and water quality; can be farmed in ponds and lakes. Market Benefit: Extensive global market, especially in Europe and Asia; used in many traditional dishes.
Gadus morhua (Atlantic Cod)
Cultivation: Preferred temperature 2–12°C; sea cages or land-based tanks used with strong currents. Market Benefit: Traditional staple in North Atlantic countries, lucrative for fillets and salted fish products.
Crassostrea gigas (Pacific Oyster)
Cultivation: Marine and estuarine environments; suspension feeders filtering food from water. Market Benefit: Major species for global oyster aquaculture, recognized for its unique flavor profile.
Pangasius hypophthalmus (Pangasius)
Cultivation: Best farmed in cages or ponds in Mekong River region, optimal temperature 26–30°C. Market Benefit: Fast-growing, cost-effective, and has a mild flavor that suits various cuisines.
Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)
Cultivation: Requires well-oxygenated cold water (10–20°C), commonly farmed in raceways or ponds. Market Benefit: Widespread consumer acceptance, considered a premium product in many regions.
Litopenaeus vannamei (Whiteleg Shrimp)
Cultivation: Thrives in warm, brackish water (25–32°C); commonly raised in ponds with controlled salinity and aeration. Market Benefit: Dominant species in shrimp aquaculture, resistant to many diseases which affects shrimp farming.
Esox lucius (Northern Pike)
Cultivation: Requires cooler water with abundant vegetation, slow flow or lentic systems preferred. Market Benefit: Sport fishing interest, with some commercial aquaculture for meat production.
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