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Fertilizers and Their Uses

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Monoammonium Phosphate

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Composition: 11% Nitrogen, 48-61% Phosphate. Application: Serves as a source of phosphorus and nitrogen, used for fertilizer blends and direct applications.

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Urea

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Composition: 46% Nitrogen. Application: Soil amendment for nitrogen or foliar sprays for plant nourishment.

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Muriate of Potash

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Composition: Typically 60% Potassium chloride. Application: Used as a potassium source for all crops, particularly where sulfur is not needed.

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Superphosphate

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Composition: 14-18% Phosphate. Application: Used to supply phosphorus to the soil.

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Potash

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Composition: Generally 60% Potassium oxide equivalent. Application: Directly applied to soil to improve plant potassium levels.

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Sulfate of Potash

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Composition: Potassium sulfate, typically 50-52% Potassium. Application: Preferred potassium source on sulfate-requiring crops like tobacco, grapes, and some fruits and vegetables.

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Ammonium Nitrate

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Composition: 33-34% Nitrogen. Application: Used as a high-nitrogen fertilizer for top-dressing and side-dressing crops.

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Ammonium Sulfate

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Composition: 21% Nitrogen, 24% Sulfur. Application: Provides a quick release of nitrogen and sulfur to plants, and lowers the pH of alkaline soils.

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Diammonium Phosphate

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Composition: 18% Nitrogen, 46% phosphate. Application: Commonly used as a source of nitrogen and phosphorus, often as a seed starter fertilizer.

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Triple Superphosphate

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Composition: Around 45-52% Phosphate. Application: Heavily concentrated phosphate fertilizer applied in concentrated areas to provide phosphorous.

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Calcium Ammonium Nitrate

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Composition: 20-27% Nitrogen and calcium. Application: Offers both calcium and nitrogen to crops and helps to neutralize acidic soils.

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Lime

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Composition: Calcium carbonate or calcium and magnesium carbonate. Application: Soil amendment used to raise pH and provide calcium and magnesium in acidic soils.

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Bone Meal

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Composition: Coarsely ground animal bones, high in phosphorus and calcium. Application: Organic slow-release fertilizer that encourages strong root development.

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Cow Manure

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Composition: Ruminant livestock waste, lower in nutrients than poultry manure. Application: Organic fertilizer and soil conditioner, preferably composted.

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Blood Meal

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Composition: Dried, ground, and flash-frozen blood, high in nitrogen. Application: Quick-release organic nitrogen source that also deters some pests like deer and rabbits.

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Green Sand

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Composition: Iron-potassium silicate, also contains other trace minerals. Application: Slow-release fertilizer and soil conditioner, used to loosen heavy, clay soils.

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Magnesium Sulfate

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Composition: Magnesium and sulfur, commonly known as Epsom salt. Application: Used to correct magnesium-deficient soils, especially for crops like potatoes, roses, and tomatoes.

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Seaweed

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Composition: Marine algae, typically containing a range of trace elements and plant growth hormones. Application: Organic fertilizer and soil conditioner, commonly available as a liquid extract.

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Zinc Sulfate

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Composition: Zinc sulfate, commonly contains 35% zinc. Application: Used to correct zinc deficiencies in various crops which are vital for plant enzyme systems.

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Manganese Sulfate

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Composition: Manganese(II) sulfate, commonly contains 32% manganese. Application: Used to correct manganese deficiencies in many crops including palms and citrus.

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Rock Phosphate

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Composition: Phosphorus-bearing mineral, usually contains 30-40% phosphate. Application: Slow-release phosphorus fertilizer for preparing new beds and amending soil.

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Iron Sulfate

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Composition: Iron(II) sulfate, provides iron. Application: Used to correct iron chlorosis in plants, can also lower soil pH over time.

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Compost

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Composition: Decomposed organic matter with variable nutrient content. Application: Soil conditioner that adds organic matter and nutrients, improving soil structure.

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Fish Emulsion

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Composition: Hydrolyzed fish by-products, generally rich in nitrogen. Application: Organic and relatively balanced fertilizer suitable for a wide variety of plants, including indoors.

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Copper Sulfate

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Composition: Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. Application: Used as a micronutrient to correct copper deficiencies and for algae control in water systems.

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Borax

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Composition: Sodium borate, usually contains 11% boron. Application: Provides boron, which is vital for cell wall formation and seed reproduction.

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Molasses

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Composition: By-product of sugar production, rich in carbon and B-vitamins. Application: Used as a chelating agent and to feed beneficial microbes in the soil.

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Chicken Manure

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Composition: Poultry waste, high in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Application: Organic fertilizer, best if composted before use due to high nitrogen content that can burn plants.

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Sulfate of Ammonia

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Composition: Ammonium sulfate, 20-21% Nitrogen and 24% Sulfur. Application: Quick-release fertilizer for immediate nitrogen supplementation, also lowers pH for acid-loving plants.

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Gypsum

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Composition: Calcium sulfate dihydrate, provides calcium and sulfur without altering soil pH. Application: Used to improve soil structure and remediate sodic soils.

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