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The practice of containing and moving livestock through pasture to allow forage crops to recover, grow back, and maximize the pasture's overall productivity.

An ecological approach to agriculture that views agricultural areas as ecosystems and is concerned with the ecological impact of agricultural practices.

A charcoal-like material that is produced from the carbonization of biomass and is used in agriculture to enhance soil fertility, conserve resources, and sequester carbon.

A practice of alternating the species or varieties of crops grown on a particular piece of land to avoid the buildup of pests and diseases and to improve soil health and fertility.

The use of cover crops, planted between periods of regular crop cultivation, to manage soil erosion, soil fertility, soil quality, water, weeds, pests, diseases, biodiversity, and wildlife.

A farming management concept based on observing, measuring, and responding to variability in crops to apply inputs more precisely, thereby reducing waste and increasing productivity.

A food production system that combines conventional aquaculture (raising aquatic animals) with hydroponics (cultivating plants in water) in a symbiotic environment.

An agricultural system that combines the production of livestock and crops to create synergies intended to increase the productivity of the farm as a whole.

A nonchemical method for controlling soilborne pests using high temperatures produced by capturing radiant energy from the sun.

A farming practice that involves planting multiple species of plants together to create a diverse ecosystem that can support itself and withstand diseases and pest infestations more robustly than a single-crop system.

A system of agricultural and social design principles centered around simulating or directly utilizing the patterns and features observed in natural ecosystems to create sustainable ways of living.

A form of alternative agriculture very similar to organic farming, but includes various esoteric concepts drawn from the ideas of Rudolf Steiner, such as specific planting calendars and the use of preparations made from fermented herbs and minerals.

The planting of different crops in proximity for pest control, pollination, providing habitat for beneficial creatures, maximizing the use of space, and to otherwise increase crop productivity.

An agricultural system that seeks to provide fresh, tasty, and authentic food while respecting natural life-cycle systems, involving the use of organic materials and biological fertilizers to the exclusion of all synthetic chemicals and antibiotics.

Any method of soil cultivation that leaves the previous year's crop residue (such as corn stalks or wheat stubble) on fields before and after planting the next crop to reduce soil erosion and runoff.

A land use management system in which trees or shrubs are grown around or among crops or pastureland to promote biodiversity, improve soil structure, and enhance ecosystem services.

A pest management strategy that uses a combination of techniques such as biological control, habitat manipulation, modification of cultural practices, and use of resistant varieties to reduce the usage of chemical pesticides.

A livestock farming practice where animals are periodically moved to fresh pasture to allow vegetation to regenerate, improving pasture quality, biodiversity, and soil structure.

A type of cover cropping where live plants or plant residues are plowed into the soil to improve its quality and nutrient content.