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Common Livestock Parasites
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Psoroptes ovis
Effects: Scab formation, itching, reduced wool quality. Control: Injectable parasiticides, dipping, quarantine.
Mange mites
Effects: Skin irritation, alopecia, secondary infections. Control: Mitacidal dips, injectable avermectins, environmental decontamination.
Ostertagia ostertagi
Effects: Diarrhea, weight loss, depressed appetite. Control: Pasture management, anthelmintic drugs, strategic deworming.
Eimeria spp.
Effects: Coccidiosis, bloody diarrhea, reduced productivity. Control: Anticoccidial drugs, clean water and feed, maintaining dry litter.
Myiases-causing flies
Effects: Cutaneous myiasis, tissue damage, strike. Control: Fly control strategies, wound management, chemical or biological treatments.
Chorioptes bovis
Effects: Chorioptic mange, itching, crusting lesions primarily on the legs. Control: Topical acaricides, improved barn hygiene, environmental control.
Nosema spp.
Effects: Nosemosis, reduced thrive, diarrhea in various species. Control: Good management practices, control of stress factors, possibly antimicrobial agents.
Sarcoptes scabiei
Effects: Intense itching, weight loss, secondary infections. Control: Injectable avermectins, environmental cleaning, isolation of affected individuals.
Theileria parva
Effects: East Coast fever, lymph node enlargement, high mortality in cattle. Control: Tick control (acaricides), live attenuated vaccines, control of wildlife reservoirs.
Dermatobia hominis
Effects: Cutaneous myiasis, wounds, secondary infections. Control: Insecticidal pour-ons, biological control (e.g., parasitoid wasps), animal rotation out of infested areas.
Haemonchus contortus
Effects: Blood loss, anemia, reduced weight gain. Control: Rotational grazing, anthelmintics, genetic resistance breeding.
Trypanosoma spp.
Effects: Trypanosomiasis or 'sleeping sickness', fever, wasting. Control: Vector control (tsetse fly), strategic use of trypanocidal drugs.
Damalinia bovis
Effects: Biting lice infestation, itching, reduced leather value. Control: Systemic and topical insecticides, regular grooming, isolation of infested animals.
Coccidia
Effects: Diarrhea, dehydration, reduced growth rate. Control: Good sanitation, coccidiostats, management of stress factors.
Dictyocaulus viviparus
Effects: Lungworm infection, coughing, respiratory distress. Control: Antiparasitic drugs, pasture management, vaccine (where available).
Strongyloides spp.
Effects: Intestinal threadworms causing diarrhea, poor conversion. Control: Sanitation, regular deworming, avoiding moist conditions that favor larval survival.
Fasciola hepatica
Effects: Liver damage, reduced milk production, decreased fertility. Control: Snail control, drug treatment, proper grazing management.
Babesia spp.
Effects: Babesiosis ('tick fever'), fever, anemia. Control: Tick control methods, vaccination in some regions, treatment with imidocarb dipropionate.
Toxoplasma gondii
Effects: Toxoplasmosis, abortion in sheep and goats. Control: Cat population control, good farm hygiene, secure feed storage.
Ascaris suum
Effects: Liver damage ('milk spots'), poor growth rates, respiratory symptoms. Control: Antiparasitic medication, hygiene, and sanitation procedures.
Melophagus ovinus
Effects: Sheep ked infestation, irritation, reduced wool quality. Control: Shearing, insecticidal treatments, movement restrictions.
Onchocerca spp.
Effects: Onchocerciasis or 'river blindness', nodules under the skin, dermatitis. Control: Ivermectin treatment, control of the insect vector (black flies).
Trichomonas fetus
Effects: Venereal disease, infertility, abortion in cattle. Control: Breeding hygiene, testing and culling infected bulls, using artificial insemination.
Gastrointestinal nematodes
Effects: Diarrhea, weight loss, poor feed conversion. Control: Rotational grazing, fecal egg counts, targeted deworming practices.
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus
Effects: Blood loss, tick-borne diseases, reduced productivity. Control: Acaricides, tick-resistant cattle breeds, pasture rotation.
Leishmania spp.
Effects: Leishmaniasis, skin lesions, organ damage if visceral form. Control: Sandfly control, reservoir host management, possibly treatment with antimonial compounds.
Giardia spp.
Effects: Giardiasis, malabsorption, diarrhea in young animals. Control: Water treatment, sanitation, potentially antiprotozoal medication.
Taenia saginata
Effects: Cysticercosis in cattle, condemnation of meat. Control: Proper human sanitation, treating human carriers, meat inspection.
Lice (e.g., Bovicola spp., Linognathus spp.)
Effects: Pruritus, anemia, decreased productivity. Control: Insecticidal pour-ons and sprays, clipping of hair, proper housing conditions.
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