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Common Livestock Parasites

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Psoroptes ovis

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Effects: Scab formation, itching, reduced wool quality. Control: Injectable parasiticides, dipping, quarantine.

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Mange mites

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Effects: Skin irritation, alopecia, secondary infections. Control: Mitacidal dips, injectable avermectins, environmental decontamination.

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Ostertagia ostertagi

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Effects: Diarrhea, weight loss, depressed appetite. Control: Pasture management, anthelmintic drugs, strategic deworming.

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Eimeria spp.

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Effects: Coccidiosis, bloody diarrhea, reduced productivity. Control: Anticoccidial drugs, clean water and feed, maintaining dry litter.

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Myiases-causing flies

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Effects: Cutaneous myiasis, tissue damage, strike. Control: Fly control strategies, wound management, chemical or biological treatments.

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Chorioptes bovis

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Effects: Chorioptic mange, itching, crusting lesions primarily on the legs. Control: Topical acaricides, improved barn hygiene, environmental control.

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Nosema spp.

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Effects: Nosemosis, reduced thrive, diarrhea in various species. Control: Good management practices, control of stress factors, possibly antimicrobial agents.

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Sarcoptes scabiei

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Effects: Intense itching, weight loss, secondary infections. Control: Injectable avermectins, environmental cleaning, isolation of affected individuals.

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Theileria parva

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Effects: East Coast fever, lymph node enlargement, high mortality in cattle. Control: Tick control (acaricides), live attenuated vaccines, control of wildlife reservoirs.

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Dermatobia hominis

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Effects: Cutaneous myiasis, wounds, secondary infections. Control: Insecticidal pour-ons, biological control (e.g., parasitoid wasps), animal rotation out of infested areas.

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Haemonchus contortus

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Effects: Blood loss, anemia, reduced weight gain. Control: Rotational grazing, anthelmintics, genetic resistance breeding.

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Trypanosoma spp.

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Effects: Trypanosomiasis or 'sleeping sickness', fever, wasting. Control: Vector control (tsetse fly), strategic use of trypanocidal drugs.

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Damalinia bovis

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Effects: Biting lice infestation, itching, reduced leather value. Control: Systemic and topical insecticides, regular grooming, isolation of infested animals.

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Coccidia

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Effects: Diarrhea, dehydration, reduced growth rate. Control: Good sanitation, coccidiostats, management of stress factors.

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Dictyocaulus viviparus

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Effects: Lungworm infection, coughing, respiratory distress. Control: Antiparasitic drugs, pasture management, vaccine (where available).

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Strongyloides spp.

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Effects: Intestinal threadworms causing diarrhea, poor conversion. Control: Sanitation, regular deworming, avoiding moist conditions that favor larval survival.

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Fasciola hepatica

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Effects: Liver damage, reduced milk production, decreased fertility. Control: Snail control, drug treatment, proper grazing management.

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Babesia spp.

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Effects: Babesiosis ('tick fever'), fever, anemia. Control: Tick control methods, vaccination in some regions, treatment with imidocarb dipropionate.

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Toxoplasma gondii

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Effects: Toxoplasmosis, abortion in sheep and goats. Control: Cat population control, good farm hygiene, secure feed storage.

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Ascaris suum

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Effects: Liver damage ('milk spots'), poor growth rates, respiratory symptoms. Control: Antiparasitic medication, hygiene, and sanitation procedures.

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Melophagus ovinus

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Effects: Sheep ked infestation, irritation, reduced wool quality. Control: Shearing, insecticidal treatments, movement restrictions.

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Onchocerca spp.

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Effects: Onchocerciasis or 'river blindness', nodules under the skin, dermatitis. Control: Ivermectin treatment, control of the insect vector (black flies).

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Trichomonas fetus

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Effects: Venereal disease, infertility, abortion in cattle. Control: Breeding hygiene, testing and culling infected bulls, using artificial insemination.

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Gastrointestinal nematodes

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Effects: Diarrhea, weight loss, poor feed conversion. Control: Rotational grazing, fecal egg counts, targeted deworming practices.

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Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

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Effects: Blood loss, tick-borne diseases, reduced productivity. Control: Acaricides, tick-resistant cattle breeds, pasture rotation.

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Leishmania spp.

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Effects: Leishmaniasis, skin lesions, organ damage if visceral form. Control: Sandfly control, reservoir host management, possibly treatment with antimonial compounds.

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Giardia spp.

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Effects: Giardiasis, malabsorption, diarrhea in young animals. Control: Water treatment, sanitation, potentially antiprotozoal medication.

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Taenia saginata

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Effects: Cysticercosis in cattle, condemnation of meat. Control: Proper human sanitation, treating human carriers, meat inspection.

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Lice (e.g., Bovicola spp., Linognathus spp.)

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Effects: Pruritus, anemia, decreased productivity. Control: Insecticidal pour-ons and sprays, clipping of hair, proper housing conditions.

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