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Water is applied to basins formed by dykes around the crops. Suitable for fruit trees and other deep-rooted plants.

Utilizes gravity flow to distribute water over the soil surface. Suitable for flat areas with deep, loamy soils.

Often used for specific crops needing precise water applications, like vegetables. Ideal to minimize water usage and wastage.

Involves planting on ridges with furrows for water flow between them. Ideal for crops with different water needs and for conserving water.

Mimics rainfall by spraying water over crops. Ideal for varied topographies and saves water compared to traditional methods.

Involves small sprinklers that provide uniform water distribution. Ideal for nurseries, orchards, and densely planted fields.

Delivers water directly to the plant root zone. Suitable for water-scarce areas and minimizes water loss.

Involves creating furrows between crop rows and filling them with water. Best for row crops in soils with moderate infiltration.

Involves creating steps on a slope to slow run-off and reduce soil erosion. Ideal for hilly terrains in the tropics.

Involves hand watering with buckets or watering cans. Suitable for small or backyard gardens in the tropics.

Systems that can be moved from one place to another. Suitable for smallholder farmers with multiple small plots.

Consists of a self-propelled system that rotates around a pivot, irrigating a circular area. Best for large, flat fields.

Applies water to parts of the field where plants are located. It reduces water use and is good for high-value crops.

Involves gated pipes that distribute water controlled by adjustable gates, suitable for flat areas where water distribution can be easily managed.

Involves burying the drip tubing below the soil surface. Reduces evaporation and is suitable for high-value crops.

Involves planting on raised beds with irrigation channels in between. Effective for soil drainage and root aeration.

A portable system with wheels that can be moved across fields. Suitable for moderately sized, level fields with relatively low crop height.

Involves flooding the entire field with water, allowing it to soak in. Works well for rice paddies and level fields with clay soils.

Utilizes high-pressure sprinklers, or rain guns, to irrigate larger areas. Suitable for crops that require lots of water.