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Organic Farming Inputs for Tropics
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Animal Manure
Used as a soil amendment for improving soil fertility; adds essential nutrients and organic matter back into the soil, improving structure and water retention.
Green Manure
Involves the use of cover crops that are plowed into the soil to improve its organic matter and nutrient content; helps with erosion control, and soil structure.
Compost
Generated from decomposed organic waste; provides a nutrient-rich soil conditioner, promoting soil microfauna and flora, which supports plant growth.
Biochar
Charcoal-like material made from biomass and used in soil amendment; it improves nutrient and water retention in soil, aiding in sequestering carbon and reducing greenhouse emissions.
Vermicompost
Product of the decomposition process using various species of worms; creates a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermicast.
Bone Meal
A mixture of finely and coarsely ground animal bones; it is an excellent source of phosphorus and protein, with a slow-release form that aids in root and plant growth over time.
Blood Meal
Dried and powdered animal blood; used as a high-nitrogen fertilizer as well as a deterrent for certain types of pests in the garden.
Fish Emulsion
A fast-acting organic liquid fertilizer made from the byproducts of fish processing; it's a good source of nitrogen and phosphorus and is easily absorbable by plants.
Rock Phosphate
Natural mineral sourced from rock deposits; used for its high phosphorus content, essential for the development of roots, flowers, and fruits in crops, although it breaks down slowly.
Molasses
By-product of sugar refining; used as a soil conditioner and as part of liquid fertilizers or compost tea. It can stimulate microbial activity when added to compost or used in soil drenches.
Seaweed Extract
Extracted from marine algae; acts as a biofertilizer that supplies trace minerals and natural growth hormones to plants, enhances resistance to pests, and conditions the soil.
Guano
Bird or bat excrement; an excellent source of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, it also helps enrich the soil with beneficial microbes improving fertility and structure.
Cottonseed Meal
A by-product of cotton manufacturing; it slowly releases nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and acidifies the soil - beneficial for acid-loving crops.
Worm Castings
Earthworm excrement; used in soil improvement for water retention, nutrient availability and to increase microbial activity which benefits plant growth.
Epsom Salts
Magnesium sulfate; can correct magnesium or sulfur deficiencies in soil, promote chlorophyll production, and improve nutrient uptake.
Wood Ash
Collected from burned wood; provides potassium and calcium carbonate that can increase soil pH and help plants grow if the soil is too acidic.
Soybean Meal
A product of soybean oil production; works as a slow-releasing, all-natural fertilizer providing nitrogen necessary for plant growth.
Leaf Mold
Decomposed leaves; used as a soil conditioner that improves water holding capacity, and fosters a healthy soil biological community.
Alfalfa Meal
Ground alfalfa plants; utilized as a fertilizer it provides slow-release nitrogen as well as trace minerals and stimulates compost microbial activity.
Feather Meal
Made from processed poultry feathers; primarily used as a source of slow-release nitrogen that is beneficial for leafy plant growth over a long period.
Neem Cake
Residue left after extracting oil from neem seeds; used as a natural fertilizer and for controlling soil pests and diseases due to its antifungal and nematicidal properties.
Cowpea
Sown as a green manure crop; improves soil fertility by fixing nitrogen and adding organic matter when incorporated back into the soil.
Bat Guano
Bat excrement; it differs from bird guano by typically having a higher nitrogen content, making it a potent fertilizer that improves soil structure.
Poultry Litter
A mixture of poultry manure and sawdust/straw; used as a fertilizer providing a balanced array of nutrients and improving soil texture and organic content.
Mushroom Compost
Residual compost waste from mushroom farming; serves as a soil conditioner with rich organic material that can improve soil structure and nutrient content.
Azolla (Water Fern)
A water fern that fixes nitrogen; used as a biofertilizer particularly in rice paddies, contributing to reduced use of synthetic fertilizers.
Rice Hulls
The protective coverings of rice grains; when added to soil, they improve aeration and drainage, and slowly decompose to add nutrients back to the soil.
Peat Moss
Partially decomposed sphagnum moss; used for its ability to retain moisture and aerate the soil. However, its use is controversial due to environmental concerns involving peatland ecosystem sustainability.
Sulfate of Potash
Potassium sulfate; provides potassium and sulfur, which are vital for plant health, flower, and fruit formation without affecting soil pH as much as other potassium sources.
Leguminous Crop Residues
Remains of crops such as beans and lentils; when plowed back into the field, they improve soil nitrogen levels and organic matter, enhancing soil fertility and structure.
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