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Satellite Communication Basics
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On-Board Computer (OBC)
The OBC manages the operations and controls systems of the satellite, acting as the brain of the satellite.
Transponder
A transponder receives, amplifies, and retransmits signals. It ensures that the communication signal can cover long distances between the Earth and satellite.
Solar Panels
Solar panels generate electrical power for the satellite by converting sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells.
Beacon
A beacon emits a continuous transmission signal for tracking, telemetry, and preliminary reception testing purposes.
Antenna
The antenna is used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. It acts as the interface between the transponder and the free space.
Communication Payload
The payload consists of all the components that actually perform the primary communication function, such as transponders, multiplexers, and antennas.
Orbit
The path a satellite follows around a celestial body. Geostationary orbits allow continuous communication with a particular area of the Earth's surface.
Batteries
Batteries store energy and provide power supply during the eclipse phase when the satellite is not exposed to sunlight or for peak power demands.
Attitude Control System
It maintains and adjusts the satellite's orientation in space, ensuring that antennas and solar panels are properly aligned.
Thermal Control System
Regulates the temperatures within the satellite to ensure electronic and mechanical components function optimally under the harsh temperature extremes in space.
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