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A distributed ledger technology that maintains a permanent and tamper-proof record of transactional data.

A self-executing contract with the terms of the agreement directly written into lines of code.

An application that runs on a decentralized network, avoiding a single point of failure.

A system used to achieve agreement on a single data value among distributed processes or systems.

The process by which new cryptocurrency tokens or coins are generated and transactions are validated on the blockchain.

A digital or virtual currency that is secured by cryptography, allowing for secure, decentralized transactions.

A type of blockchain where anyone can join and participate in the reading, writing, and auditing of the ledger.

A restricted blockchain that operates in a closed network with controlled access.

A consensus of replicated, shared, and synchronized digital data geographically spread across multiple sites, countries, or institutions.

The measure of the computational power per second used when mining. Higher hash rates increase the chance of finding the next block and receiving the reward.

A place to digitally store, send, and receive cryptocurrency. They are secured by cryptographic keys.

When a blockchain's protocol is changed or upgraded, causing it to split into two separate chains that share the same history up until the fork.

The process of turning things into a digital token on a blockchain, enabling assets to be traded on a blockchain network.

A decentralized communications model where each party has the same capabilities and either party can initiate a communication session.

A fundraising mechanism where new projects sell their underlying crypto tokens in exchange for bitcoin or ether.

A consensus algorithm in which one party proves to others that a certain amount of computational work has been done.

A type of consensus mechanism where the creator of a new block is chosen via various combinations of random selection and wealth or age.

An online tool to view all transactions that have taken place on the blockchain, including the transaction histories and balances of addresses.

The risk that a digital currency can be spent twice. Blockchain technology solves this issue by confirming a transaction's finality.

A situation where more than half of the computing power on a blockchain network is operated by a single individual or concentrated group, which can control the majority of mining power.

A type of cryptographic token on a blockchain that represents a unique asset; these can be fully digital assets or tokenized versions of real-world assets.

Entities that connect blockchain to off-chain data, providing external information necessary for many smart contract applications.

The capability of a blockchain network to handle a large amount of transactions at a given time.

A unit that measures the amount of computational effort required to complete operations on the Ethereum network.