Discover published sets by community

A type of database that stores data in tables with rows and columns. Each table, also known as a relation, contains data about a specific entity. Example: A company's employee information might be stored in a relational database, with each employee represented by a row in the 'Employees' table.

A column, or a set of columns, in a relational database table that uniquely identifies each row. Example: In a 'Users' table, the 'user_id' column could serve as a primary key.

A column in a database table that provides a link between data in two tables. It refers to the primary key in another table, establishing a relationship between the tables. Example: In an 'Orders' table, the 'customer_id' column might be a foreign key linking to the 'Customers' table.

The process of organizing a database into tables and columns to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. Example: Splitting a table with customer and order information into two tables: 'Customers' and 'Orders'.

Structured Query Language, a standard programming language used to manage relational databases. Example: SELECT * FROM Employees WHERE department = 'Sales';

A set of properties that guarantee database transactions are processed reliably. ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. Example: A bank transfer system ensuring that money is never lost or duplicated during transactions.

A conceptual framework used to describe the structure of a database, consisting of entities, attributes, and relationships. Example: ER diagrams used in database design to represent the data for an inventory system.

A large storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its native format until it is needed. Example: A marketing firm storing all its digital marketing data in a data lake for future analysis.

Online Transaction Processing, a class of systems that facilitate and manage transaction-oriented applications. Example: A retail sales system processing sales, returns, and exchanges in real time.

Online Analytical Processing, a category of software that allows users to analyze information from multiple database systems at the same time. Example: A business intelligence tool that analyzes sales trends over several years.

A database object that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table. Example: Creating an index on the 'last_name' column in a 'Customers' table to speed up searches by last name.

A type of database designed to handle a wide variety of data models, including key-value, document, columnar, and graph formats. Example: A document database like MongoDB storing JSON-like documents.

The structure of a database described in a formal language. It includes tables, relationships, and constraints. Example: The schema for a company database might include tables for 'Employees', 'Departments', and 'Projects'.

A set of SQL statements with an assigned name that's stored in the database in compiled form so that it can be shared by a number of programs. Example: A stored procedure to calculate the total sales for a given month.

A database object that is automatically executed or fired when certain events occur. Example: A trigger that automatically updates a customer's last order date when a new order is placed.

The practice of examining large pre-existing databases in order to generate new information. Example: Using data mining techniques to identify patterns in customer purchase behavior.

A central repository for all or significant parts of the data that an enterprise's various business systems collect. Example: A data warehouse storing a company's sales, inventory, and customer data for reporting and analysis.

A unit of work performed within a database management system. It must be either entirely completed or aborted; no intermediate states are acceptable. Example: A sequence of SQL operations that transfers money from one bank account to another.

A database management technique that ensures the correct operation of a database, even when many users are accessing the same data at the same time. Example: Locking mechanisms that prevent two users from editing the same record simultaneously.

An abstract model that organizes elements of data and standardizes how they relate to one another and to properties of the real world. Example: The relational data model, where data is organized in tables and relationships are formed through foreign keys.

A stage in the normalization process that requires a database to be in the second normal form and that all of its columns are functionally dependent on the primary key. Example: A 'Students' table where each student's data is recorded with no duplicated information.

An architecture that combines elements of data lakes and data warehouses, blending the flexibility of data lakes with the governance of data warehouses. Example: An organization storing raw data in a data lake while using data warehouse features for querying structured data.

A database that uses graph structures for semantic queries with nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data. Example: A social network where individuals are nodes and relationships are edges.

A subset of a data warehouse oriented to a specific line of business or data end-use. Example: A marketing data mart containing only data related to marketing metrics and campaigns.

A database in which storage devices are not all attached to a common processor. It may be stored in multiple computers, located in the same physical location; or may be dispersed over a network of interconnected computers. Example: A retail company with various branch offices having databases in each location that are part of a single distributed database system.

Extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations, especially relating to human behavior and interactions. Example: Analyzing vast amounts of social media data to understand consumer sentiment.

The overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of data used in an organization. Example: Policies and procedures that ensure data integrity and quality in a healthcare provider's patient records.

A process in data warehousing responsible for pulling data out of source systems and placing it into a data warehouse. Example: An ETL tool that extracts sales data from different regional databases, transforms the data into a standard format, and loads it into a central data warehouse for analysis.

A situation in a database system where a transaction reads data that has not yet been committed. Example: Transaction A reads data that is being simultaneously edited by Transaction B, which has not yet committed the changes.

The frequent copying of data from a database in one computer or server to a database in another so that all users share the same level of information. Example: A company replicates its product database across multiple servers worldwide to ensure high availability and scalability.

A type of database partitioning that separates very large databases into smaller, faster, more manageable pieces called shards. Example: A global e-commerce platform distributing user data across multiple shards based on geographic region.

The process of creating a data model for the data to be stored in a database. Example: Creating a model that outlines the tables, attributes, and relationships for a customer relationship management (CRM) system.

A database management system that stores data directly in the main memory of a computer or server to facilitate faster response times. Example: A high-frequency trading system using an in-memory database to ensure sub-millisecond response times for transactions.

A mechanism used by database systems to synchronize access to an object, such as a row or table, by multiple transactions. Example: Locking a row in an airline reservation system so that only one customer can book a particular seat at a time.

A virtual table that represents a subset of data from one or more tables. Views do not contain data themselves but display data stored in other tables. Example: A view that shows all orders above a certain value from a 'Sales' table without exposing the entire table.