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Audio for Live Events
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Mixing Console
A device for combining, routing, and changing the level, tone, and dynamics of audio signals.
PA System
A public address system used to amplify and distribute sound to a large area or audience.
XLR Cable
A type of electrical cable used to transmit balanced audio signals.
Feedback
A looped signal that is often heard as a high-pitched squeal during sound reinforcement.
Dynamic Range
The ratio between the smallest and largest possible values of a changeable quantity, such as in sound levels.
Limbo
A processor that limits the maximum level of the signal passing through it, to prevent clipping and distortion.
Talkback Mic
A microphone used by the sound engineer to communicate with the performers onstage or other crew members.
Microphone
A device that converts sound waves into electrical signals for transmission or recording.
Gain Structure
The setting levels of audio signals in sound systems to achieve a good noise-to-signal ratio without distortion.
Aux Send
An auxiliary output path from a mixing console, often used for monitoring or effects processing paths.
Snake Cable
A heavy-duty cable bundled with multiple individual channels, used to connect the stage to the mixing console.
Rack Unit
Modular equipment housing that is used to contain audio processing equipment and other rack-mountable gear.
Crossover
An electronic device that divides an audio signal into multiple frequency bands, each directed to specific loudspeakers like tweeters or woofers.
Equalizer
Audio processing device that allows for the adjustment of frequency bands.
In-Ear Monitor (IEM)
A device that allows performers to hear the mix of audio sources in a discrete manner using earpieces.
Fader
A control on a mixing console or audio software that allows for the adjustment of volume levels.
Stage Monitor
Speaker placed on stage facing the performers, allowing them to hear themselves or the band.
SPL Meter
Sound Pressure Level Meter, a device used to accurately measure the loudness of sound in decibels.
Digital Audio Workstation (DAW)
A software platform used for recording, editing, mixing, and producing audio files.
Reverb
The persistence of sound as it reflects off surfaces in a space, giving the impression of an acoustic environment.
DI Box
Direct Injection box, a device used to connect instruments directly to the audio system while balancing and matching impedance.
Subwoofer
A loudspeaker designed to reproduce low-pitched audio frequencies.
Amplifier
An electronic device that increases the power of a signal to drive loudspeakers.
Wireless Microphone System
A mic system that transmits audio signals over the air rather than through microphone cables.
Backline
Equipment provided at a performance venue for bands or performers, generally including amplifiers and drums.
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