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Mixing Terminology

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Aux Send

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A control that allows you to send a portion of the channel's signal to another location, usually an effects processor.

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Equalization

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The process of adjusting the balance between frequency components within an audio signal.

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Sample Rate

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The number of samples of audio carried per second, measured in hertz. Standard CD quality is 44.1 kHz.

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Sustain

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The length of time a note remains audible after the initial attack, also a parameter on a compressor that controls how long compression lasts.

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Limiter

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A type of compressor designed to prevent an audio signal from exceeding a certain level.

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Patchbay

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A panel with many sockets used to connect different pieces of audio equipment together, allowing for flexible signal routing.

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RMS (Root Mean Square)

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A measurement of the average power or volume of an audio signal.

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Clipping

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Distortion caused when an audio signal exceeds the maximum level that a piece of equipment can handle.

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Compression

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Reduces the dynamic range of an audio signal by diminishing the volume of loud sounds or amplifying quiet sounds.

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Reverb

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An audio effect that simulates the persistence of sound after a sound is produced, mimicking natural echoes in a space.

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Frequency

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The number of cycles per second in a sound wave, measured in hertz (Hz); it determines the pitch of the sound.

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Stereo Width

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The perceived spatial separation between sounds in the left and right channels of a stereo mix.

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Delay

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An effect that records an audio signal for playback a set period of time after the original signal.

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Mute

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A function used to silence an audio track or a section of a track in a mix.

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LFE (Low-Frequency Effects)

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A channel specifically intended for deep, low-pitched sounds in a surround sound setup.

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Solo

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A function that isolates a single track or a group of tracks so that only these tracks are audible.

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Wet/Dry Mix

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Refers to the balance between the processed (wet) and unprocessed (dry) versions of a signal.

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Panning

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Distributing a sound signal into a new stereo or multi-channel sound field.

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Threshold

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The level at which a signal must surpass for a process such as compression or gating to engage.

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Bus

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A signal path that channels multiple audio tracks to mix them together or apply the same effect to them simultaneously.

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Fade In/Out

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Gradually increasing (in) or decreasing (out) the volume of a sound signal.

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Mixdown

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The process of combining all the individual tracks in a session into a final stereo or surround sound format.

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Gain

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Refers to the input level or volume in audio tracks, amplifiers, or other devices.

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Noise Gate

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A device or plugin that silences an audio signal when it falls below a set threshold level, used to reduce unwanted background noise.

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Phase

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The relationship in time between two or more sound waves at a given point in their cycles.

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