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Computer Science

Data Structures

Graph Structures and Types

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Tree

A tree is an acyclic connected graph. It is used to model hierarchy and relationships, as in organizational charts or file systems.

Directed Graph (Digraph)

A directed graph has all edges directed from one vertex to another. Used for representing one-way relationships, such as web navigation or citation networks.

Undirected Graph

An undirected graph has edges that do not have a direction associated with them. It is used in networking scenarios or to represent mutual relationships.

Weighted Graph

A weighted graph assigns a weight to each edge, which could represent cost, distance, or any metric. Used in optimizations, such as finding the shortest path.

Complete Graph

A complete graph is one in which every pair of vertices is connected by a unique edge. Used to model scenarios where each node is in direct relationship with all others, like in fully connected networks.

Bipartite Graph

A bipartite graph is a graph whose vertices can be divided into two disjoint and independent sets $U$ and $V$ such that every edge connects a vertex in $U$ to one in $V$ . Used for modeling relationships between two distinct classes of objects.

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