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Essential Bread Leavening Agents

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Whipped Egg Whites

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Beaten egg whites trap air, adding volume and acting as a leavening agent in breads like challah.

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Potassium Bicarbonate

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A leavening agent used as an alternative to sodium bicarbonate for low-sodium diets, it releases CO2 when reacted with an acid.

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Sourdough Starter

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A culture of lactic acid bacteria and wild yeasts that ferment dough, imparting a tangy flavor and causing it to rise.

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Baking Soda

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A base (sodium bicarbonate) that reacts with acids in the dough to produce carbon dioxide gas, leavening the bread.

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Yogurt

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The acid in yogurt can react with baking soda to produce carbon dioxide, while also adding flavor and moisture to the bread.

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Baker's Yeast

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A living organism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that ferments carbohydrates in dough, producing carbon dioxide and alcohol, causing the dough to rise.

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Beer

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Contains both alcohol and carbon dioxide, which can contribute to the leavening and flavor profile of bread dough.

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Ammonium Bicarbonate

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Also known as 'baker's ammonia', it decomposes into CO2, water vapor, and ammonia gas when heated, used for very crispy baked goods like crackers.

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Baking Powder

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A combination of acid (usually cream of tartar) and base (baking soda) that reacts when moistened and heated to release carbon dioxide gas.

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Steam

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Water vapor expands during baking, creating air pockets in the dough's structure, contributing to the rise of certain breads like baguettes.

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