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Works on the principle of electromagnetic induction where a diaphragm is attached to a coil of wire, placed in the magnetic field of a magnet. Sound waves cause the diaphragm to vibrate, moving the coil and creating an electrical current. Ideal for live performances and general use due to its ruggedness.

Operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. An alternating current through a voice coil in a magnetic field causes a diaphragm to move, producing sound. Commonly used in home audio systems, public address systems, and televisions.

Uses a capacitor with a fixed plate and a diaphragm that acts as a movable plate. Sound waves cause the diaphragm to move, altering the capacitance and converting sound into an electrical signal. Used in studio recording and live sound applications.

Contains a permanently charged material which forms a capacitor with a diaphragm as the other plate. Sound waves induce movement in the diaphragm, causing variations in the electric field and generating a signal. Used in phones, laptops, and hearing aids.

Uses a piezoelectric crystal which vibrates in response to an electric signal and moves a diaphragm to create sound waves. Often found in older hearing aids and crystal radios due to their simplicity and low power consumption.

Consists of a thin, conductive diaphragm placed between two stationary conductive plates; variations in electrical signal cause the diaphragm to move, creating sound. Known for precise audio reproduction and used in high-fidelity audio systems.

Operates by converting electrical energy into ultrasonic waves, or vice versa, often using the piezoelectric effect. Used in sonar systems, medical imaging (ultrasonography), and non-destructive testing of materials.

Relies on the piezoelectric effect to convert mechanical stress into an electrical signal or vice versa. Common applications include ultrasonic sensors, electronic drum pads, and some types of loudspeakers.

Features a thin metal ribbon suspended in a magnetic field that vibrates with sound waves. The motion of the ribbon within the magnetic field generates an electrical signal. Ribbon microphones are valued for their warmth and natural sound, used in broadcasting and studio recordings.

Utilizes a piezoelectric material that deforms when a voltage is applied, creating a sound. Used in alarm clocks, timers, and as warning indicators in various electronic devices.

Uses the motion of a stylus in a groove of a phonograph record to induce a magnetic flux change in a coil or magnet, generating an electrical signal that is then amplified. Essential part of a turntable in a vinyl playback system.

Features a small armature balanced between two magnets; the electrical signal causes the armature to tilt, moving a diaphragm to generate sound. Commonly used in in-ear monitors and hearing aids for their good response and small size.

Transmits sound to the inner ear through the bones of the skull by converting the audio signal into mechanical vibrations. Used in specialized headphones for individuals with hearing impairments and in military communication devices.

Contains a small piece of iron that is moved by a magnetic field created by the electrical signal, causing an attached diaphragm to move and produce sound. Used in some headphones, telephone receivers, and as actuators.