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Standard Cubic Foot - A unit of measurement for gases that represents the amount of gas contained in one cubic foot at standard temperature and pressure.

Pressure Volume Temperature - The properties that define the physical behavior of oil and gas reservoirs.

Barrels of Oil Per Day - A measure of oil production rate.

American Petroleum Institute - The primary trade association for the oil and natural gas industry, setting standards for the production, refinement, and distribution of petroleum derivatives.

Barrel - A unit of volume for crude oil and petroleum products equivalent to 42 US gallons.

Wellhead Pressure - The pressure at the top of a well that is used to control the production of oil and gas.

Floating Production Storage and Offloading - A floating vessel used by the offshore industry for the processing and storage of oil and gas.

Liquefied Natural Gas - Natural gas that has been cooled down to liquid form for ease and safety of non-pressurized storage or transport.

Improved Oil Recovery - Techniques that increase the amount of crude oil that can be extracted from an oil field.

Thousand Cubic Feet - A standard unit of measurement for natural gas volume.

Enhanced Oil Recovery - A set of methods used to increase the amount of crude oil that can be extracted from an oil field.

Underbalanced Drilling - A drilling technique where the pressure in the wellbore is kept lower than the reservoir pressure to minimize damage to the productive zone.

Natural Gas Liquids - Components of natural gas that are separated from the gas state in the form of liquids, such as propane and butane.

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries - An intergovernmental organization that coordinates and unifies the petroleum policies of its member countries.

True Vertical Depth - The vertical distance from the surface down to a point in a well, a measure used to indicate the depth of a well or formation.

Electrical Submersible Pump - A type of pump used in the petroleum industry to lift oil to the surface, typically used in wells with insufficient pressure.

Renewable Natural Gas - Natural gas produced from renewable sources such as biogas, often used as an alternative to conventional natural gas.

Memorandum of Understanding - An agreement between parties indicating an intended common line of action, often used in the oil and gas industry for partnerships and collaborations.

Total Dissolved Solids - A measure of the combined content of all inorganic and organic substances dissolved in a liquid; in petroleum engineering, this often refers to the content in produced water.

Free Water Knock Out - A tank that separates free water from produced fluids (oil and gas) to improve processing and treatment.

Virtual Power Plant - A system that integrates several types of power sources to give a reliable overall power supply, which in the oil industry can include generators that run on natural gas.

Final Investment Decision - The decision to invest in a project based on the analysis of its feasibility, risks, and potential returns, critical in the development phase of oil and gas projects.

Pore Pressure and Fracture Gradient - The measurement of the pressures within the geological pore spaces and the stress gradient at which a fracture will occur in the rock.

West Texas Intermediate - A grade of crude oil used as a benchmark in oil pricing and the underlying commodity of the New York Mercantile Exchange's oil futures contracts.

Authorization for Expenditure - A budget document that provides a cost estimate for a proposed project or operation, seeking approval to spend the estimated costs.

Logging While Drilling - The practice of taking various geological and instrument readings while a well is being drilled, providing real-time information.

Measured Depth - The length of the wellbore as measured along the actual well path, important for recording and navigating in well drilling operations.

Gas-Oil Ratio - The ratio of produced gas to produced oil, typically expressed in cubic feet per barrel.

Measurement While Drilling - A technique that involves making real-time measurements of physical parameters in a wellbore to guide drilling operations.