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Purpose: To use a differential pressure technique to achieve directional drilling. Advantages: Useful in preventing wellbore collapse, helps in drilling over-pressurized formations. Applications: Stability-challenged formations, directional drilling.

Purpose: To drill multiple branches from a main borehole to access more reservoir. Advantages: Increased production from a single well, reduced environmental footprint. Applications: Mature fields, complex reservoirs.

Purpose: Drilling with lower pressure in the wellbore than the formation to prevent damage. Advantages: Minimal reservoir damage, increased drilling speed, reduced formation damage. Applications: Fragile formations, maximizing production.

Purpose: To drill and case a well simultaneously. Advantages: Reduces well construction time, mitigates formation damage. Applications: Unstable formations, areas with problematic drilling conditions.

Purpose: To use a continuous length of tubing to perform drilling operations. Advantages: Faster tripping, reduced labor, less environmental impact. Applications: Live well intervention, drilling underbalanced, short-radius drilling.

Purpose: To change the well's direction or angle by not rotating the drill string. Advantages: Control over the well trajectory, uses downhole mud motor. Applications: Correcting course, steering in tight spots.

Purpose: To extend the wellbore parallel to the formation layer to maximize exposure. Advantages: Increased production, access to tight formations. Applications: Unconventional reservoirs, enhanced oil recovery (EOR).

Purpose: To drill straight holes by rotating the drill string from the surface. Advantages: Simplicity, efficient in soft formations, quick. Applications: Vertical wells, soft rock, preliminary drilling stages.

Purpose: Proactively manage and control the annular pressure profile. Advantages: Increased safety, optimized drilling performance, flexibility in dealing with downhole conditions. Applications: Narrow pressure window formations, high-risk environments.

Purpose: To explore the use of high-power lasers to drill wells. Advantages: Potential for minimal mechanical wear, precision. Applications: Research and development, future drilling technologies.

Purpose: To turn the drill bit without rotating the drill string using hydraulic power. Advantages: Simple, reliable, cost-effective. Applications: Medium radius turn, sidetracking, performance drilling.

Purpose: To initiate a directional well or sidetrack by creating a deflection point. Advantages: Can be used in cased or open holes, allows for controlled direction change. Applications: Sidetracking, correcting well trajectory.

Purpose: Control the downhole pressure more precisely by creating a dual pressure gradient. Advantages: Enables drilling in deepwater environments, mitigates risks. Applications: Deepwater drilling, problematic pressure zones.

Purpose: Uses a hammering action to break through hard rock layers. Advantages: Effective in hard formations, simple mechanism. Applications: Shallow formations, hard rock strata.

Purpose: To extract a cylinder of rock for analysis. Advantages: Provides detailed information about the formation, aids in reservoir evaluation. Applications: Formation evaluation, core analysis.

Purpose: Drill extremely long horizontal wells. Advantages: Reach reserves distant from the drill site, reduce the number of offshore platforms. Applications: Offshore drilling, accessing remote reservoirs.

Purpose: To rotate the drill string using a motor at the top of the mast. Advantages: Allows for longer stands of drill pipe, enhances drilling efficiency. Applications: Deep wells, complex drilling operations.

Purpose: To drill using compressed air as the circulating medium. Advantages: Increases rate of penetration, reduces formation damage. Applications: Dry, porous formations, gas wells.

Purpose: Navigate the drill bit in real-time while rotating the entire drill string. Advantages: Precise directional control, continuous rotation speeds up drilling. Applications: Complex well paths, horizontal drilling.